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PEGylation of Proteins as Tailored Chemistry for Optimized Bioconjugates
The high potential of peptides and proteins as therapeutic agents has not been fully exploited because of their common shortcomings: the only... -
Polymer Therapeutics for Cancer: Current Status and Future Challenges
Drug delivery systems for cancer therapeutics have revolutionized medicine. Delivery systems have improved the efficacy and reduced the toxicity of... -
Enzymatic Polymerization to Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides are formed by repeated glycosylations between a sugar donor and a sugar acceptor. This chapter reviews the in vitro synthesis of... -
Polymer Therapeutics: Polymers as Drugs, Drug and Protein Conjugates and Gene Delivery Systems: Past, Present and Future Opportunities
As the 21st century begins we are witnessing a paradigm shift in medical practice. Whereas the use of polymers in biomedical materials applications... -
Polypeptide and Polypeptide Hybrid Copolymer Synthesis via NCA Polymerization
This article summarizes recent developments in the synthesis of polypeptides and hybrid peptide copolymers. Traditional methods used to polymerize... -
Gene Delivery Using Polymer Therapeutics
The use of polymers as synthetic non-viral carriers for introducing nucleic acids into cells appears very appealing. Polymers can be generated in... -
Synthesis of Phenol Polymers Using Peroxidases
This chapter deals with the peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of phenol and its derivatives. Such a polymerization needs an oxidation reagent,... -
Solution Properties of Polypeptide-based Copolymers
The aggregation behaviour of biomimetic polypeptide hybrid copolymers and copolypeptides is here reviewed with a particular eye on the occurrence... -
Nanostructured Devices Based on Block Copolymer Assemblies for Drug Delivery: Designing Structures for Enhanced Drug Function
Block copolymers spontaneously assemble into nanoscaled polymeric micelles, which have significant potential as drug carriers. Following much work... -
Towards a Rational Design of Molecular Switches and Sensors from their Basic Building Blocks
A fundamental understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of mechanically interlocked molecules, such as [2]rotaxanes, will contribute to... -
Chiral Spaces in Supramolecular Assemblies
The present review is aimed at illustrating to the reader the state of the art on the construction of artificial chiral supramolecular assemblies... -
Impedimetric Detection of DNA Hybridization: Towards Near-Patient DNA Diagnostics
Immobilization strategies for the attachment of nucleotide probes to both microarrays and microfabricated interdigitated electrodes differ to... -
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2. Definition of Life
The definition of life is a long-standing debate with no general scientific consensus to be expected any time soon. The underlying problem is that... -
4. Energy Sources and Life
An external energy source is a necessary condition for life, because living systems require a flow of energy to organize materials and maintain a low... -
5. Building Blocks of Life
Life is based on complex chemistry yet only a few of all the available elements participate in most life-supporting reactions on Earth: carbon,... -
Immobilization of DNA on Microarrays
Microarrays are new analytical devices that allow the parallel and simultaneous detection of thousands of target compounds. Microarrays, also... -
Tin-Free Radical Reactions Mediated by Organoboron Compounds
The development of tin-free methods to run radical reactions is crucial for their applications in industrial processes as well as in drug... -
The Degenerative Radical Transfer of Xanthates and Related Derivatives: An Unusually Powerful Tool for the Creation of Carbon–Carbon Bonds
This review summarises recent work on the dithiocarbonyl group transfer reaction. Xanthates, in particular, have proved to be extremely useful for... -
Altitudinal Surface-Mounted Molecular Rotors
After a general description of some potential applications of artificial altitudinal surface-mounted molecular rotors, the synthesis, surface...