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Biotic and Abiotic Transformation Pathways of Synthetic Musks in the Aquatic Environment
Synthetic musks are being transformed to intermediates or relatively stable metabolites that may exhibit a strong potential for environmental harm....
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Multi-metal ferrite as a promising catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cell
Improving catalytic activity of cathode with noble metal-free catalysts can significantly establish microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a sustainable and...
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Aircraft Environmental Control Systems
The external environment at 41000 ft (12500 m), a typical cruise altitude for modern civil aircraft, is hostile to human life. Aircraft...
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Aircraft Air Quality Malfunction Incidents: Design, Servicing, and Policy Measures to Decrease Frequency and Severity of Toxic Events
Aircraft air supply contamination from leaking oil and hydraulic fluids has a long history in commercial aviation. There is a wide range of...
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Insecticide Use in Occupied Areas of Aircraft
Insecticides are applied in the aircraft cabin for four key reasons: (1) to comply with foreign quarantine regulations applicable to certain...
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Air Travel and Thrombosis
A deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is essentially the formation of a clot in the veins of the leg. This causes obstruction to the normal flow of blood...
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Aircraft Air Quality Malfunction Incidents: Causation, Regulatory, Reporting and Rates
The issue of aircraft air contamination due to oils and hydraulic fluids leaking into the aircraft air supply is a known problem in the aviation...
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The Role of Musk and Musk Compounds in the Fragrance Industry
An overview of the role of musk and musk compounds in the fragrance industry is given. Discovery and syntheses of representatives occurring naturally...
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Air Pollution Export from and Import to North America: Experimental Evidence
North America (Canada and the USA) contains only 5% of the world’s population but accounts for 15–23% of the world’s emissions in terms of trace...
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Intercontinental Transport of Ozone from Tropical Biomass Burning
Photochemically reactive gases released by fires (e.g., NO, CO, hydrocarbons) interact as they do in an urban environment to form ozone. There has...
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Export of Air Pollution from Southern Asia and its Large-Scale Effects
Southern Asia is one of the most heavily populated regions of the world. In contrast to much of the rest of the world, biofuel and biomass burning...
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Sensory Evaluation of Indoor Air Pollution Sources
The basic biological principles of the perception mechanisms for odour and irritants are fairly well understood. Much more uncertain is how these...
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Aircraft Air Quality Incidents, Symptoms, Exposures and Possible Solutions
Although air quality incidents in aircraft occur at low frequencies, ranging from 1 per 10000 flights to 3.8 per 1000 flights depending on aircraft...
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Indoor Particles, Combustion Products and Fibres
Pollutants in an indoor environment are a complex mixture of gases, vapours and particles in either the liquid or the solid phase, suspended in the...
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Airplanes and Infectious Disease
Air travel is associated with crowded conditions that can facilitate the transmission of airborne infectious diseases. The risk of contracting...
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Crew Effects from Toxic Exposures on Aircraft
The cabin of an airplane is a specialised working environment and should be considered as such. The oils and hydraulics used in airplane engines...
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Air Quality Systems for Related Enclosed Spaces: Spacecraft Air
Air quality in the small, closed environment of a spacecraft cabin is always a critical matter for the safety, health, and comfort of the crew. The...
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Synthetic Musks in House Dust
House dust is a sink and repository for semi-volatile organic compounds and particle bound organic matter. Although data are available on the...
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Synthetic Musks in Different Water Matrices
Nitro musks and polycyclic musks are used as synthetic musk compounds in almost all scented consumer products, such as perfumes, cosmetics, and...