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S. cerevisiae K28 toxin – a secreted virus toxin of the A/B family of protein toxins
Since the initial discovery of toxin-secreting killer strains in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae more than 40 years ago, continuous research on...
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Between Objectivity and Whim: Nucleic Acid Structural Biology
Here we explore the subjectivity intrinsic to macromolecular crystallography, focusing on the hydration/counter-ion region of nucleic acids. Water...
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The Rise of Organophosphorus Derivatives in π-Conjugated Materials Chemistry
This chapter concerns the synthesis and properties of π-conjugated oligomers and polymers containing phosphorus moieties, an area of increasing...
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Development of Technetium-99m and Rhenium-188 Radiopharmaceuticals Containing a Terminal Metal–Nitrido Multiple Bond for Diagnosis and Therapy
The chemistry of nitrido complexes of technetium has played an important role in the search of new Tc-99m radiopharmaceuticals and in providing...
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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy in Single Molecule Nanobioscience
Recent development in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) has made it possible to directly monitor the behaviors of...
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Tracking Movement in Cell Biology
This article is an overview of techniques for measuring movement of proteins, vesicles and cells using digital image processing. Diverse techniques...
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The biosynthesis and functional roles of methylated nucleosides in eukaryotic mRNA
Modified nucleosides are present in mRNA of all eukaryotes, albeit at much lower levels than in other RNA moieties such as rRNA, tRNA, and snRNA....
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Taxonomy and phylogenetic diversity among the yeasts
Yeasts are among the economically and scientifically most important eukaryotic microorganisms known. At present, there are 1,500 recognized species,...
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Adenosine to inosine RNA editing in animal cells
Major advances in the understanding of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) have come from the generation of ADAR mutant animals. In mice,...
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Biologically Produced Sulfur
Sulfur compound oxidizing bacteria Sulfur compound oxidizing bacteria produce sulfur as an intermediate in the...
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Environmental Degradation of Polyethylene
The environmental degradation of polyethylene proceeds by synergistic action of photo- and thermo-oxidative degradation and biological activity....
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Metabolic Engineering
Metabolic engineering is a powerful methodology aimed at intelligently designing new biological pathways, systems, and ultimately phenotypes...
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Scientific and technical challenges for systems biology
Systems biology is an emergent discipline, yet can be rooted back almost a century when pioneering thoughts on system-oriented views were discussed....
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Regulation of S Phase
Regulation of DNA replication is critical for accurate and timely dissemination of genomic material to daughter cells. The cell uses a variety of...
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Application of Evolutionary Algorithms to Global Cluster Geometry Optimization
This contribution focuses upon the application of evolutionary algorithms to the nondeterministic polynomial hard problem of global cluster geometry...
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Cell-free Protein Synthesis Systems: Increasing their Performance and Applications
The Escherichia coli cell-free protein synthesis system can now be used for various proteins that need special requirements, such as disulfide bond...
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Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
The theoretical principles of the ESR technique and its application in the field of molecular sieve science are reviewed. The first part of this...
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Determination of very broad particle size distributions via interference optics in the analytical ultracentrifuge
Dispersions play a big role in industry. Important characteristics such as viscosity and gloss depend on the particle size and the particle size...
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DNA Electron Transfer Processes: Some Theoretical Notions
Charge motion within DNA stacks, probed by measurements of electric conductivity and by time-resolved and steady-state damage yield measurements, is...