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Magnetic Fields in Galaxies
Magnetic fields are a major agent in the interstellar medium. They contribute significantly to the total pressure which balances the gas disk against...
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Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Systems, Clusters and Beyond
The discovery of significant magnetic fields beyond our Milky Way was unwittingly made in the early 1950’s when new “discrete” cosmic radio sources...
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Stellar Magnetic Fields
Stellar magnetic fields are directly detected or inferred across the whole Hertzsprung--Russell Diagram. Attention in this chapter is concentrated on...
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Magnetic Fields in Diffuse HI and Molecular Clouds
The diffuse interstellar HI is the matrix within which many molecular clouds reside and the medium that soaks up the energy injected by sources such...
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Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
A substantial magnetic field could conceivably have been generated in the ultra-early Universe. However, the relevant physics at those eras is very...
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6 Beamforming Combined with Multi-channel Acoustic Echo Cancellation
For audio signal acquisition, beamforming microphone arrays can be efficiently used for enhancing a desired signal while suppressing...
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4 Optimum Beamforming for Wideband Non-stationary Signals
Array processing techniques strive for extraction of maximum information from a propagating wave field using groups of sensors, which are located at...
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COGNITIVE APPROACH TO MUSICAL DATA ANALYSIS
Digital signal processing is one of the most rapidly develo** areas of science. With the explosive expansion of the Internet, the number of very...
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B Experimental Setups and Acoustic Environments
In this chapter, the experimental setup and the acoustic environments are described, which are used in this work for illustrating the properties of...
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INTRODUCTION
Over the last decade, a series of publications has brought and established new research areas related to music, and intensified the research verging...
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Boundary Conditions
Most Numerical Relativity simulations are devised to approximate the time evolution of the dynamical fields starting from data given on an initial...
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The Four–Dimensional Spacetime
Physics theories are made by building mathematical models that correspond to physical systems. General Relativity, the physical theory of...
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PERCEPTUAL BASES OF HEARING AND MUSIC PERCEPTION
The human auditory system pertains to the entire peripheral auditory mechanism. Classically, the peripheral auditory system has been divided into...
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INTELLIGENT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SOUND CLASSIFICATION
This chapter is devoted to intelligent classification of the sound of musical instruments. Although it is possible, and in some applications...
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Magnetic Fields in the Milky Way, Derived from Radio Continuum Observations and Faraday Rotation Studies
Magnetic fields are found everywhere in our Universe. We know that our Earth possesses a dipolar magnetic field. Magnetic fields have been observed...
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Mesoscale Magnetic Structures in Spiral Galaxies
Virtually all spiral galaxies host magnetic fields ordered at scales comparable to the galactic size (Beck et al., 1996; Beck, 2000, 2001)....
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Black Hole Simulations
The simplest Black Hole initial data can be obtained from the Schwarzschild line element. The “Schwarzschild coordinates” expression (1.54), can be...
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SYNESTHETIC ANALYSIS OF AUDIO-VISUAL DATA
Interaction between two perceptual modalities, seeing and hearing, their interaction and mutual reinforcement in a complex relationship was a subject...
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5 A Practical Audio Acquisition System Using a Robust GSC (RGSC)
In the preceding chapter, we have seen that data-dependent beamformers can be efficiently realized in GSC structures. However, GSCs, or more general...