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Environmental Oxidative Stress – Environmental Sources of ROS
Environmental factors are known sources for oxidative stress. In consequence of the numerous influences that define our environment, environmental...
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Endogenous Oxidant-Generating Systems
Although organisms respiring air oxygen use their energy sources in an optimal way they are threatened by the compulsory formation of reactive oxygen...
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Low Molecular Weight Antioxidants
Low molecular weight antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidative defense mechanisms of cells and organisms. This chapter gives a short...
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Modulation of Cellular Signaling Processes by Reactive Oxygen Species
Exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) may result not only in cell death by excessive oxidation of biomolecules but also cause the...
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Glutathione
Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol in cells. It is a tripeptide with two important structural features: the thiol group and the...
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The Broad Spectrum of Responses to Oxidative Stress in Proliferating Cells
Proliferating mammalian cells exhibit a broad spectrum of responses to oxidative stress, depending on the stress level encountered. Very low levels...
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Chemical Modifications of Biomolecules by Oxidants
There is strong evidence in support of the oxidation of biomolecules during normal physiology and under conditions of environmental or pathological...
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Superoxide Dismutases and Catalase
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) and catalase represent the primary enzymatic defense against reactive oxygen species. Both enzymes are present in...
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Protein Repair and Degradation
Protein oxidation is one of the important processes taking place during oxidative stress. Numerous amino acids can be modified within proteins...
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DNA Repair: Mechanisms and Measurements
The early findings that significant amounts of modifications are induced to the cellular DNA both spontaneously and as a consequence of metabolism...
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Mitochondrial Free Radical Production, Antioxidant Defenses and Cell Signaling
Mitochondria were classically recognized as the organelles that produce the energy required to drive the endergonic processes of cell life, but now...
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Clinical characteristics and factors associated with survival rate of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer attending at a Tertiary Hospital in Somalia
BackgroundA few studies regarding the epidemiology and risk factors of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) are reported from Sub-Saharan...
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EGFR mutations induce the suppression of CD8+ T cell and anti-PD-1 resistance via ERK1/2-p90RSK-TGF-β axis in non-small cell lung cancer
BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations exhibit an unfavorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)...
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Comparison of DNA damage in fresh and frozen blood samples: implications for the comet assay in human biomonitoring studies
The use of the comet assay in large biomonitoring studies may present logistical and technical challenges because of the processing of numerous...
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An Extended Neck Position is Likely to Produce Cervical Spine Injuries Through Buckling in Accidental Head-First Impacts During Rugby Tackling
Catastrophic cervical spine injuries in rugby often occur during tackling. The underlying mechanisms leading to these injuries remain unclear, with...
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Synthesis and in vitro assessment of the reactivation profile of clinically available oximes on the acetylcholinesterase model inhibited by A-230 nerve agent surrogate
The risk of the use of toxic chemicals for unlawful acts has been a matter of concern for different governments and multilateral agencies. The...
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Evaluation of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is a viable therapeutic option for women diagnosed locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). However, the factors...
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Identifying early symptoms associated with a diagnosis of childhood, adolescent and young adult cancers: a population-based nested case-control study
BackgroundChildhood, teenage and young adult (CTYA, 0–24 years) cancers are rare and diverse, making timely diagnosis challenging. We aim to explore...
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A versatile functional interaction between electrically silent KV subunits and KV7 potassium channels
Voltage-gated K + (K V ) channels govern K + ion flux across cell membranes in response to changes in membrane potential. They are formed by the assembly...
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Exploring the role of CBLB in acute myocardial infarction: transcriptomic, microbiomic, and metabolomic analyses
BackgroundSpecific alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites have been linked to AMI, with CBLB potentially playing an essential role. However,...
