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Midbrain lesion-induced disconjugate gaze: a unifying circuit mechanism of ocular alignment?
BackgroundDisconjugate eye movements are essential for depth perception in frontal-eyed species, but their underlying neural substrates are largely...
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Sub-Chronic Ketamine Administration Increases Dopamine Synthesis Capacity in the Mouse Midbrain: a Preclinical In Vivo PET Study
PurposeThere is robust evidence that people with schizophrenia show elevated dopamine (DA) synthesis capacity in the striatum. This finding comes...
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Anisocoria without extraocular muscle impairment due to moderate traumatic brain injury with midbrain contusion: a case report
BackgroundNew-onset anisocoria is an important clinical clue to life-threatening intracranial injury. Anisocoria alone without impairment of...
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Embolization of midbrain arteriovenous malformation fed by the artery of Percheron in a child, the first case report and literature review
BackgroundArtery of Percheron (AOP) as main feeder artery of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is extremely rare. Two cases of thalamic AVM fed by AOP...
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Effects of moxibustion on miRNA-133b, Pitx3/TH, and neurotransmitters in the midbrain of rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome
ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of moxibustion in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), by observing the...
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PPARα and PPARγ are expressed in midbrain dopamine neurons and modulate dopamine- and cannabinoid-mediated behavior in mice
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression. Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC)...
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A novel mutation in intron 1 of Wnt1 causes developmental loss of dopaminergic neurons in midbrain and ASD-like behaviors in rats
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic liability. Despite extensive studies, however, the...
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TCF7L2 acts as a molecular switch in midbrain to control mammal vocalization through its DNA binding domain but not transcription activation domain
Vocalization is an essential medium for social signaling in birds and mammals. Periaqueductal gray (PAG) a conserved midbrain structure is believed...
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Probing midbrain dopamine function in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder via neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an impairing psychiatric condition, which often onsets in childhood. Growing research highlights dopaminergic...
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Midbrain and pons MRI shape analysis and its clinical and CSF correlates in degenerative parkinsonisms: a pilot study
ObjectivesTo conduct brainstem MRI shape analysis across neurodegenerative parkinsonisms and control subjects (CS), along with its association with...
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Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of midbrain blood-brain barrier cells in schizophrenia reveals subtle transcriptional changes with overall preservation of cellular proportions and phenotypes
The midbrain is an extensively studied brain region in schizophrenia, in view of its reported dopamine pathophysiology and neuroimmune changes...
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Dopamine transporter silencing in the rat: systems-level alterations in striato-cerebellar and prefrontal-midbrain circuits
Silencing of dopamine transporter (DAT), a main controlling factor of dopaminergic signaling, results in biochemical and behavioral features...
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Microsurgical management of midbrain cavernous malformations: does lesion depth influence the outcome?
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to clarify whether the intrinsic depth of midbrain cavernous malformations (MCMs) influenced the surgical...
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Post-stroke palatal tremor as a clinical predictor of dysphagia and its neuroanatomical correlates in patients with midbrain and pontine lesions
The precise associations between dysphagia and palatal tremor (PT) remain unknown. We aimed to identify the association between PT and dysphagia...
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Comparative anatomy of dissected optic lobes, optic ventricles, midbrain tectum, collicular ventricles, and aqueduct: evolutionary modifications as potential explanation for non-tumoral aqueductal anomalies in humans
PurposeAn extensive literature has postulated multiple etiologies for aqueductal stenosis. No publications were found, discussing that evolutionary...
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Thalamic versus midbrain tremor; two distinct types of Holmes’ Tremor: a review of 17 cases
IntroductionHolmes Tremor (HT) is a unique and debilitating movement disorder. It usually results from lesions of the midbrain and its connection but...