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Reflections on TRP and TP/GFR in the definition of renal phosphate loss: conceptual review
BackgroundFractional tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP) has been used for over 60 years to establish the existence of renal phosphate loss. It...
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Molecular mechanisms altering tubular calcium reabsorption
The majority of calcium filtered by the glomerulus is reabsorbed along the nephron. Most is reabsorbed from the proximal tubule (> 60%) via a...
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Pediatric early-phase anorexia nervosa without hypokalemia exhibiting acute tubular injury: a case report
Anorexia nervosa can lead to kidney complications. Few studies reported kidney biopsy results in young adults, most of whom had chronic anorexia...
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The impact of tubular dysfunction and its relationship with acute kidney injury in children
BackgroundTubular dysfunction can cause electrolyte disturbances with potentially serious consequences. We studied the epidemiology and outcomes of...
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The pathophysiology of distal renal tubular acidosis
The kidneys have a central role in the control of acid–base homeostasis owing to bicarbonate reabsorption and production of ammonia and ammonium in...
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The role of fibroblast growth factor 23 in regulation of phosphate balance
Phosphate is essential for numerous biological processes, and serum levels are tightly regulated to accomplish these functions. The regulation of...
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Functional analysis reveals calcium-sensing receptor gene regulating cell–cell junction in renal tubular epithelial cells
PurposeCalcium-sensing receptor (CASR) influences the expression pattern of multiple genes in renal tubular epithelial cells. The objective of this...
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Disorders of phosphate homeostasis in children, part 1: primer on mineral ion homeostasis and the roles of phosphate in skeletal biology
Phosphate has extensive physiological roles including energy metabolism, genetic function, signal transduction and membrane integrity. Regarding the...
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Moyamoya disease presenting with tubular dysfunction in a child: pitfalls in diagnosing an atypical hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome
BackgroundMoyamoya disease, a cause of pediatric stroke, has been shown to affect furthermore extra-cranial districts, mostly the kidney arterial...
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Regulation of FGF23 production and phosphate metabolism by bone–kidney interactions
The bone-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) functions in concert with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the active vitamin D metabolite,...
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Distal renal tubular acidosis as presenting manifestation of Wilson disease in a 11-year-old girl
A 11-year-old girl was referred to the pediatric nephrology services of our hospital for evaluation of vitamin-D-refractory rickets. She was born to...
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Long-term complications of primary distal renal tubular acidosis
The clinical manifestations of primary distal renal tubular acidosis usually begin in childhood, but the disease is caused by a genetic defect that...
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Immunometabolic rewiring of tubular epithelial cells in kidney disease
Kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) have a crucial role in the damage and repair response to acute and chronic injury. To adequately respond to...
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Tubulopathy meets Sherlock Holmes: biochemical fingerprinting of disorders of altered kidney tubular salt handling
Evolution moves in mysterious ways. Excretion of waste products by glomerular filtration made perfect sense when life evolved in the ocean. Yet, the...
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Daily serum phosphate increase as early and reliable indicator of kidney injury in children with leukemia and lymphoma develo** tumor lysis syndrome
BackgroundTumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and its most serious complication, acute kidney injury (AKI) are one of the emergency conditions in...
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β-Thalassemia minor & renal tubular dysfunction: is there any association?
ObjectiveBeta(β)-thalassemia is one of the most common hereditary hematologic disorders. Patients with thalassemia minor (TM) are often asymptomatic...
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Disorders of phosphate homeostasis in children, part 2: hypophosphatemic and hyperphosphatemic disorders
Phosphorus, predominantly in the form of inorganic phosphate PO 4 −3 , has many essential physiological functions. In the skeleton, phosphate and...
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The exacerbated hypokalemia in membranous glomerulonephritis due to proximal tubular injury: a neglect issue from a case report and literature review
BackgroundMembranous glomerulonephritis is the most common primary etiology for the nephrotic syndrome in adults. Beyond the clinical hallmark of...
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Transcriptional regulation of proximal tubular metabolism in acute kidney injury
The kidney, and in particular the proximal tubule (PT), has a high demand for ATP, due to its function in bulk reabsorption of solutes. In normal PT,...
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Renal Tubular Acidosis and Management Strategies: A Narrative Review
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) occurs when the kidneys are unable to maintain normal acid−base homeostasis because of tubular defects in acid excretion...
