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The role of PB1-F2 in adaptation of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H7N7 in chickens
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) of the H7N7 subtype are enzootic in the wild bird reservoir in Europe, cause infections in poultry, and have...
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Isolation and characterization of low pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus from a red-crowned crane in a zoo in South Korea
BackgroundSouth Korea conducts annual national surveillance programs to detect avian influenza (AI) in domestic poultry, live bird markets, and wild...
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Large-Scale Serological Survey of Influenza A Virus in South Korean Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)
In this comprehensive large-scale study, conducted from 2015 to 2019, 7,209 wild boars across South Korea were sampled to assess their exposure to...
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Virulence of three European highly pathogenic H7N1 and H7N7 avian influenza viruses in Pekin and Muscovy ducks
BackgroundThere is paucity of data on the virulence of highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza viruses (AIV) H7 in ducks compared to HPAIV H5. Here,...
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A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control
The global spread of avian influenza A viruses in domestic birds is causing increasing socioeconomic devastation. Various mechanistic models have...
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Low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolates with different levels of defective genome segments vary in pathogenicity and transmission efficiency
Defective interfering particles (DIPs) of influenza virus are generated through incorporation of highly truncated forms of genome segments, mostly...
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Peptidic defective interfering gene nanoparticles against Omicron, Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza A virus in vivo
Defective interfering genes (DIGs) are short viral genomes and interfere with wild-type viral replication. Here, we demonstrate that the new designed...
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Efficacy of the commercial plant products acting against influenza-a review
BackgroundInfluenza infection always poses a threat to human and animal health. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are recommended to deal with the...
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Rainfall driven and wild-bird mediated avian influenza virus outbreaks in Australian poultry
Globally, outbreaks of Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) in poultry continue to burden economies and endanger human, livestock and wildlife health. Wild...
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Altered gene expression in human brain microvascular endothelial cells in response to the infection of influenza H1N1 virus
Influenza viruses not only cause respiratory illness, but also have been reported to elicit neurological manifestations following acute viral...
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Development and evaluation of a TaqMan MGB RT-PCR assay for detection of H5 and N8 subtype influenza virus
BackgroundHighly pathogenic influenza A (H5N8) viruses have caused several worldwide outbreaks in birds and are of potential risk to humans. Thus, a...
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Susceptibility of common family Anatidae bird species to clade 2.3.4.4e H5N6 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus: an experimental infection study
BackgroundThere were large outbreaks of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) caused by clade 2.3.4.4e H5N6 viruses in the winter of 2016–2017 in...
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G1-like M and PB2 genes are preferentially incorporated into H7N9 progeny virions during genetic reassortment
BackgroundGenotype S H9N2 viruses have become predominant in poultry in China since 2010. These viruses frequently donate their whole internal gene...
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Development and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies against H7 avian influenza virus
BackgroundH7 subtype avian influenza has caused great concern in the global poultry industry and public health. The conventional serological...
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Genomic characterization of equine influenza A subtype H3N8 viruses by long read sequencing and functional analyses of the PB1-F2 virulence factor of A/equine/Paris/1/2018
Equine influenza virus (EIV) remains a threat to horses, despite the availability of vaccines. Strategies to monitor the virus and prevent potential...
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Interactions between avian viruses and skin in farm birds
This article reviews the avian viruses that infect the skin of domestic farm birds of primary economic importance: chicken, duck, turkey, and goose....
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Preparing for pandemics: a systematic review of pandemic influenza clinical management guidelines
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of evidence-based clinical decision-making. Clinical management guidelines (CMGs) may...
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Distribution of avian influenza viruses according to environmental surveillance during 2014–2018, China
BackgroundRecurrent infections of animal hosts with avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have posted a persistent threat. It is very important to...
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Recent advances in “universal” influenza virus antibodies: the rise of a hidden trimeric interface in hemagglutinin globular head
Influenza causes seasonal outbreaks yearly and unpredictable pandemics with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite significant efforts to...