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MRI evaluation of cranial nerve abnormalities and extraocular muscle fibrosis in duane retraction syndrome and congenital extraocular muscle fibrosis
PurposeTo investigate the alterations in extraocular muscles (EOMs) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among patients diagnosed with Duane...
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Correlation between extraocular muscle enlargement and thyroid autoantibodies in thyroid eye disease
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the factors affecting extraocular muscle enlargement in thyroid eye disease (TED).
Study design ...
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Extraocular muscle enlargement
Extraocular muscle enlargement can occur secondary to a range of orbital and systemic diseases. Although the most common cause of extraocular muscle...
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Role of muscle biopsy in diagnosis of extraocular muscles enlargement
PurposeTo study the role of muscle biopsy in patients with enlarged extraocular muscles.
MethodsA retrospective review of 31 patients who underwent...
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Diagnostic performance of MRI for the assessment of extraocular muscle invasion in malignant sinonasal tumors
PurposePreoperative assessment of extraocular muscle invasion is essential for therapeutic strategies and prognostic evaluation. The aim of this...
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Crouzon syndrome complicated with binocular strabismus and extraocular muscle fibrosis: a case report
BackgroundCrouzon syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature closure of coronal sutures, results in skull and facial deformities...
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Local recurrence as extraocular muscle lymphoma after 6 years of chronic myositis: a case report
BackgroundExtraocular muscle is usually affected by thyroid disease or inflammatory pseudotumor, but seldom by neoplastic process. Primary malignant...
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Mitochondrial myopathy without extraocular muscle involvement: a unique clinicopathologic profile
ObjectiveMitochondrial myopathy without extraocular muscles involvement (MiMy) represents a distinct form of mitochondrial disorder predominantly...
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Extraocular Rectus Muscle Stretching as a Weakening Procedure
IntroductionAnterior segment ischemia may occur when three or more rectus muscles are operated in the same eye. Our purpose was to investigate the...
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Anisocoria without extraocular muscle impairment due to moderate traumatic brain injury with midbrain contusion: a case report
BackgroundNew-onset anisocoria is an important clinical clue to life-threatening intracranial injury. Anisocoria alone without impairment of...
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Extraocular muscle volume index at the orbital apex with optic neuritis: a combined parameter for diagnosis of dysthyroid optic neuropathy
ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of the extraocular muscle volume index at the orbital apex (AMI) and the signal intensity ratio...
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Impact of sphenoid trigone size and extraocular muscle thickness on the outcome of lateral wall orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease
BackgroundTo retrospectively review lateral wall orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease (TED) and to evaluate pre-operative CT scans to...
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A case of bilateral amyloidosis localized to extraocular muscles mimicking thyroid eye disease
BackgroundAmyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by the abnormal deposition of amyloid proteins in various tissues and organs. While systemic...
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Advances in the Treatment of Thyroid Eye Disease Associated Extraocular Muscle Myopathy and Optic Neuropathy
Purpose of ReviewTo review emerging treatments for thyroid eye disease (TED) associated extraocular muscle myopathy and dysthyroid optic neuropathy...
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Comitant strabismus etiology: extraocular muscle integrity and central nervous system involvement—a narrative review
Strabismus is not a condition in itself but the consequence of an underlying problem. Eye misalignment can be caused by disease, injury, and/or...
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Ocular hypertension in patients with active thyroid-associated orbitopathy: a predictor of disease severity, particularly of extraocular muscle enlargement
AbstractThe purpose was to ascertain if any relation exists between the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with thyroid-associated...
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Development of the extraocular muscles during the fetal period
PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the morphometric development of the extraocular muscles in the fetal period and to create a modified...
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Metastasis of small cell lung cancer to bilateral extraocular muscles: a case report
BackgroundOrbital metastasis is a possible complication of small cell lung cancer and a pattern of bilateral invasion of the extraocular muscles has...
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Investigation of lacrimal gland and extraocular muscle in thyroid eye disease patients with severe subjective dry eye disease: a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging study
PurposeTo analyze the radiological features of the lacrimal gland (LG) and extraocular muscle (EOM) in thyroid eye disease (TED) patients with severe...
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Quantitative assessment of extraocular muscles in Graves’ ophthalmopathy using T1 map**
ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of T1 map** in the characterization of extraocular muscles (EOMs) of Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) patients and...
