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Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning of rats and dopaminergic neurotoxicity: proposed animal model of Parkinson’s disease
The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), following pretreatment with the norepinephrine transport inhibitor desipramine, selectively destroys...
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Thymol protects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in in vivo and in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease via inhibiting oxidative stress
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifactorial movement disorder with the progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal system that impairs...
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6-Hydroxydopamine: a far from simple neurotoxin
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which is a neurotoxin that selectively destroys catecholaminergic nerves in sympathetically innervated tissues, has been...
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Neuroprotective compounds from marine invertebrates
BackgroundNeuroinflammation is a key pathological feature of a wide variety of neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis,...
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RNF166 plays a dual role for Lys63-linked ubiquitination and sumoylation of its target proteins
Ubiquitination and sumoylation are two important posttranslational modifications in cells. RING (Really Interesting New Gene)-type E3 ligases play...
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Preclinical evaluation of [18F]FP-CIT, the radiotracer targeting dopamine transporter for diagnosing Parkinson’s disease: pharmacokinetic and efficacy analysis
BackgroundN -(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT), the representative cocaine derivative used in dopamine...
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The effects of regular swimming exercise and melatonin on the neurons localized in the striatum of hemiparkinsonian rats
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder. We aimed to investigate the effects of regular swimming exercise and...
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Hemispheric asymmetries in mental disorders: evidence from rodent studies
The brain is built with hemispheric asymmetries in structure and function to enable fast neuronal processing. In neuroimaging studies, several mental...
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The noradrenergic subtype of Parkinson disease: from animal models to clinical practice
Many advances in understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease (PD) have been based on research addressing its motor symptoms and...
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Enhanced cognitive flexibility and phasic striatal dopamine dynamics in a mouse model of low striatal tonic dopamine
The catecholamine neuromodulators dopamine and norepinephrine are implicated in motor function, motivation, and cognition. Although roles for...
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Therapeutic Application, Phytoactives and Pharmacology of Tinospora cordifolia: An Evocative Review
Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi or Gurjo), a herbaceous vine or climbing deciduous shrub, is consider as an important medicine in the Ayurvedic system...
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Effects of Electroacupuncture on Metabolic Changes in Motor Cortex and Striatum of 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinsonian Rats
ObjectiveTo explore the possible underlying mechanism by investigating the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on the primary motor cortex...
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Experimental Studies of Geroprotective and Anti-Aging Effects of Chemical Compounds of Portulaca oleracea L. (Review)
AbstractThe analysis presented in the review of publications shows that extract of Portulaca oleracea L. or its individual components...
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From lab bench to hope: a review of gene therapies in clinical trials for Parkinson’s disease and challenges
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurological disorder that is identified by a characteristic combination of symptoms such as bradykinesia,...
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An updated review on animal models to study attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder affecting both children and adolescents. Individuals with ADHD...
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A multiple hits hypothesis for memory dysfunction in Parkinson disease
Cognitive disorders are increasingly recognized in Parkinson disease (PD), even in early disease stages, and memory is one of the most affected...
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Serum short-chain fatty acids and its correlation with motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with enteric nervous system dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Short-chain fatty acids...
