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A quantitative risk assessment to evaluate the efficacy of mitigation strategies to reduce highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, subtype H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) in the Menoufia governorate, Egypt
BackgroundThe poultry industry in Egypt has been suffering from endemic highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, subtype H5N1 since 2006....
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Substantial effect of phytochemical constituents against the pandemic disease influenza—a review
BackgroundInfluenza is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by the influenza virus. Vaccination and antiviral drugs are the two methods opted...
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Recent five-year progress in the impact of gut microbiota on vaccination and possible mechanisms
Vaccine is the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases, but the immune response induced by it varies greatly between...
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N-linked glycosylation at site 158 of the HA protein of H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus is important for viral biological properties and host immune responses
Since 2014, clade 2.3.4.4 has become the dominant epidemic branch of the Asian lineage H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in...
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Transcriptomic analysis of spleen B cell revealed the molecular basis of bursopentin on B cell differentiation
The bursa of Fabricius, the acknowledged humoral immune organ unique to birds, plays a vital role in B cell development. Bursopentin (BP5) derived...
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Interaction between avian influenza subtype H9N2 and Newcastle disease virus vaccine strain (LaSota) in chickens
BackgroundH9N2 avian influenza virus is endemic in Egyptian poultry flocks. The role of the live viral vaccines such as LaSota in exaggeration of the...
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Research progress on human infection with avian influenza H7N9
Since the first case of novel H7N9 infection was reported, China has experienced five epidemics of H7N9. During the fifth wave, a highly pathogenic...
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A Systematic Review of Influenza Epidemiology and Surveillance in the Eastern Mediterranean and North African Region
Seasonal influenza represents a huge health burden, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, focus has...
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Identification of a universal antigen epitope of influenza A virus using peptide microarray
BackgroundHemagglutinin is a major surface protein in influenza A virus (IAV), and HA2 is relative conserved among different IAVs. It will be...
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Sequence analysis and pathogenicity of Avian Orthoavulavirus 1 strains isolated from poultry flocks during 2015–2019
BackgroundNewcastle disease (ND) causes severe economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. Egyptian poultry industry suffered from severe economic...
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Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases
Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented challenges to public health security and the global economy. The...
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Recent advances in “universal” influenza virus antibodies: the rise of a hidden trimeric interface in hemagglutinin globular head
Influenza causes seasonal outbreaks yearly and unpredictable pandemics with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite significant efforts to...
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Effects of medicinal plant powder as feed additives on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and immune response of Coturnix japonica against avian influenza and Newcastle disease vaccine virus
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of different levels of Gracilaria corticata ( Gracilaria ), Sargassum cristaefolium ( Sargassum...
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Evolution of H9N2 avian influenza virus in embryonated chicken eggs with or without homologous vaccine antibodies
BackgroundVaccines constitute a unique selective pressure, different from natural selection, drives the evolution of influenza virus. In this study,...
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Continuing evolution of H6N2 influenza a virus in South African chickens and the implications for diagnosis and control
BackgroundThe threat of poultry-origin H6 avian influenza viruses to human health emphasizes the importance of monitoring their evolution. South...
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Salmonella Gallinarum delivering M2eCD40L in protein and DNA formats acts as a bivalent vaccine against fowl typhoid and H9N2 infection in chickens
Fowl typhoid (FT), a septicemic disease caused by Salmonella Gallinarum (SG), and H9N2 influenza infection are two economically important diseases...
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Study of the underlying mechanisms and consequences of pathogenicity differences between two in vitro selected G1-H9N2 clones originating from a single isolate
The G1-H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has caused significant economic losses in the commercial poultry industry due to reduced egg production and...
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Rapid and simple colorimetric detection of multiple influenza viruses infecting humans using a reverse transcriptional loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) diagnostic platform
BackgroundIn addition to seasonal influenza viruses recently circulating in humans, avian influenza viruses (AIVs) of H5N1, H5N6 and H7N9 subtypes...
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Advances in research on the efficacy of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in combating African swine fever
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The mortality rate...
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Nanotechnology’s frontier in combatting infectious and inflammatory diseases: prevention and treatment
Inflammation-associated diseases encompass a range of infectious diseases and non-infectious inflammatory diseases, which continuously pose one of...
