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Necessity for a Science of Complex Systems
Why is a science of complex systems necessary?
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The Circadian Clocks of Insect Eclosion
Understanding the circadian timing of eclosion in insects is a pretty big undertaking. A lot of technical detail is essential and a lot of close...
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Application of genetic algorithms for optimization of tire pitch sequences
A simple genetic algorithms (GAs) has been applied to generate the optimum pitch sequence. Though a simple GAs worked properly, there was the problem...
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Replication and mutation on neutral networks
Folding of RNA sequences into secondary structures is viewed as a map that assigns a uniquely defined base pairing pattern to every sequence. The...
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A chemotactic model for the advance and retreat of the primitive streak in avian development
The formation of the primitive streak in early avian development marks the onset of gastrulation, during which large scale cell movement leads to a...
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Mathematical modelling of juxtacrine patterning
Spatial pattern formation is one of the key issues in developmental biology. Some patterns arising in early development have a very small spatial...
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Dynamics of one-pass germinal center models: Implications for affinity maturation
During an immune response, the affinity of antibodies that react with the antigen that triggered the response increases with time, a phenomenon known...
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Th1/Th2 differentiation and cross-regulation
The T helper (Th) phenotypes, Th1/Th2, are acquired upon interaction of a naive T helper cell and an antigen presenting cell (APC). Naive T helper...
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Genetic Algorithms
In the rest of this monograph I will deal exclusively with a special technique from the field of computational intelligence research, namely genetic...
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Macroscopic kinetic equation for a genetic algorithm
A macroscopic kinetic equation of only four variables for a simple genetic algorithm (SGA) with an on-off type of replication operator and a...
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Games Elementary Particles Play
In 1900, after completing his studies at the Federal Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Albert Einstein applied throughout Europe, without success, for...
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Socialism and Free Enterprise
According to an old joke that has made the rounds of Eastern Europe, the basis of capitalism is the exploitation of man by man, while with socialism...
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Gene therapy of T helper cells in HIV infection: Mathematical model of the criteria for clinical effect
The paper presents a mathematical analysis of the criteria for gene therapy of T helper cells to have a clinical effect on HIV infection. The...
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Nonlinear Algebraic Equations
A solitary wave is the solution to a nonlinear boundary value problem. In the literature, these are often called “nonlinear eigenvalue” problems...
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The Case of HIV and AIDS
For a decade, there has been increasing concern about “AIDS,” and a virus called “HIV” which is said to cause “AIDS.” Having named this virus...
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The develo** Xenopus embryo as a complex system: Maternal and zygotic contribution of gene products in nucleo-cytoplasmic and cell-to-cell interactions
The develo** animal embryo constitutes a complex system in which various nucleo-cytoplasmic (N-C) and cell-to-cell (C-C) interactions take place....
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Hierarchically coupled ultradian oscillators generating robust circadian rhythms
Ensembles of mutually coupled ultradian cellular oscillators have been proposed by a number of authors to explain the generation of circadian rhythms...
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Self-organization and the Formation of Patterns in Plants
Beloussov et al., the introductory article (IV.1 this Chapter), pointed out contrasting assumptions in positional information theory (PI) and in...
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A Genetic Algorithm for Mixed-Integer Optimisation in Power and Water System Design and Control
This chapter presents a dual mutation Genetic Algorithm (GA) which employs individual mutation schemes for different types of decision variables in...
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Tumor Heterogeneity and Growth Control
Tumor growth control is described especially as it pertains to tumor heterogeneity. Four facets heterogeneity are reviewed; statistical or...