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Lignin Analysis by HPLC and FTIR: Spectra Deconvolution and S/G Ratio Determination
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a simple nondestructive technique that allows the user to obtain quick and accurate information...
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Molecular features of the ligand-free GLP-1R, GCGR and GIPR in complex with Gs proteins
Class B1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators of many physiological functions such as glucose homeostasis, which is mainly...
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Removal and Change-in-Ratio Methods
This chapter is about the so-called removal method for estimating the size of a closed population. It consists of removing a sequence of samples from...
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Increased age, bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and creatinine score to triglyceride ratio are associated with alcohol-associated primary liver carcinoma: a single-centered retrospective study
BackgroundThis study analyzed the clinical features and biomarkers of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) to investigate the diagnostic value of...
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Determination of Drug-to-Antibody Ratio of ADCs
The drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) refers to the number of small toxic molecules per antibody in the antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). DAR can directly...
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Biology, farming and applications of economically important red seaweed Gracilaria edulis (S. G. Gmelin) P. C. Silva: A concise review
Gracilaria edulis is one of the most studied agarophytes, especially in tropical regions like India because of its natural abundance. Apart from the...
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Quartet RNA reference materials improve the quality of transcriptomic data through ratio-based profiling
Certified RNA reference materials are indispensable for assessing the reliability of RNA sequencing to detect intrinsically small biological...
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Rhizobium Biofertilizers: Mass Production Process and Cost-Benefit Ratio Analysis
In the era of demanding food supplies for the increasing populations worldwide, the increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers resulted in adverse...
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Ketogenic diet-produced β-hydroxybutyric acid accumulates brain GABA and increases GABA/glutamate ratio to inhibit epilepsy
Ketogenic diet (KD) alleviates refractory epilepsy and reduces seizures in children. However, the metabolic/cell biologic mechanisms by which the KD...
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The Ratio of Red to Far-Red Light Affects Growth, Pigment Content, and Photosynthetic Rates in Cress Plants
AbstractFar-red light is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths of 700–800 nm. Light of such wavelengths does not fall into the range of...
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Mycorrhizal C/N ratio determines plant-derived carbon and nitrogen allocation to symbiosis
Carbon allocation of trees to ectomycorrhizas is thought to shape forest nutrient cycling, but the sink activities of different fungal taxa for host...
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Correcting batch effects in large-scale multiomics studies using a reference-material-based ratio method
BackgroundBatch effects are notoriously common technical variations in multiomics data and may result in misleading outcomes if uncorrected or...
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Optimizing the photon ratio of red, green, and blue LEDs for lettuce seedlings: a mixture design approach
BackgroundLight control technology has been developed and studied for decades in controlled environment agriculture (CEA) for successful crop...
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Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal waste and sawdust: impact of co-digestion ratio, inoculum-to-substrate ratio, and total solids
Municipal solid waste contains mainly organic wastes that can be a good source for anaerobic digestion. Solid-state anaerobic digestion is an...
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The Na+,K+-ATPase and its stoichiometric ratio: some thermodynamic speculations
Almost seventy years after its discovery, the sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase (the sodium pump) located in the cell plasma membrane...
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Association of gene expression with syringyl to guaiacyl ratio in sugarcane lignin
Key messageA transcriptome analysis reveals the transcripts and alleles differentially expressed in sugarcane genotypes with contrasting lignin...
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Adult sex ratio in south temperate house wrens is explained by sexual differences in adult survival
Skewed adult sex ratio (ASR) has been proposed to be a consequence of breeding individuals producing a biassed primary sex ratio, sexual differences...
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Soil Texture Rather Than Water Potential Determines the Root:Shoot Ratio in Ryegrass and Alfalfa
BackgroundsA fixed root:shoot ratio is widely used to estimate the underground biomass in the carbon (C) cycle in grassland ecosystems, although...
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Increased brick ratio in urban substrates has a marginal effect on tree saplings
From construction and demolition of buildings, brick wastes accumulate in large quantities and are difficult to recycle. Re-using bricks as planting...
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No evidence of sex ratio manipulation by black-throated blue warblers in response to food availability
Sex allocation theory predicts that females should bias their offspring sex ratios when the fitness benefits of producing sons or daughters differ...
