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Large-scale computational modelling of the M1 and M2 synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis
Macrophages play an essential role in rheumatoid arthritis. Depending on their phenotype (M1 or M2), they can play a role in the initiation or...
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence protein ESAT-6 influences M1/M2 polarization and macrophage apoptosis to regulate tuberculosis progression
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and it remains one of the major...
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Exploring the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in the context of skin diseases
Macrophages are critical components of the immune system and play vital roles in pathogen defense, immune regulation, and tissue repair. These cells...
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Down-regulation of RTEL1 Improves M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization by Promoting SFRP2 in Fibroblasts-derived Exosomes to Alleviate COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease worldwide. Macrophage polarization plays a substantial role in...
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Neuregulin-1 regulates the conversion of M1/M2 microglia phenotype via ErbB4-dependent inhibition of the NF-κB pathway
BackgroundThe inflammatory response caused by microglia in the central nervous system plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease. Neuregulin-1...
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In vitro phenotypic effects of Lipoxin A4 on M1 and M2 polarized macrophages derived from THP-1
BackgroundLipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a specialized pro-resolving mediator involved in the resolution phase of inflammation that is crucial for the return...
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Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells alleviate neuroinflammation by modulating M1/M2 polarization in cell and rat Parkinson’s disease models
BackgroundNeuroinflammation is closely related to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Because of the extensive sources, non-invasive and...
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Exosomes from circRNA-Ptpn4 can modify ADSC treatment and repair nerve damage caused by cerebral infarction by shifting microglial M1/M2 polarization
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been demonstrated to improve the microenvironment after a stroke. Increasing studies have confirmed that...
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M1-derived extracellular vesicles polarize recipient macrophages into M2-like macrophages and alter skeletal muscle homeostasis in a hyper-glucose environment
BackgroundMacrophages release not only cytokines but also extracellular vesicles (EVs). which are small membrane-derived nanovesicles with virus-like...
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β-elemene regulates M1-M2 macrophage balance through the ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway
Macrophages are classified into classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages, and the two phenotypes of...
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Two-carba cyclic phosphatidic acid treatment promotes phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 microglia and prevents behavioral abnormalities in a mouse model of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with the production of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies and other...
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BMSC-derived exosomes promote tendon-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by regulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization in rats
BackgroundRecent studies have shown that bone marrow stromal cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) can be used for tissue repair. However, whether the...
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Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells regulate M1/M2 macrophage phenotypic polarization to promote bone healing via miR-451a/MIF
ObjectivesBone defects caused by diseases and trauma are usually accompanied by inflammation, and the implantation of biomaterials as a common repair...
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Human adipose tissue-derived small extracellular vesicles promote soft tissue repair through modulating M1-to-M2 polarization of macrophages
BackgroundSuccessful regenerative medicine strategies need the manipulation and control of macrophages’ phenotypic switching. Our previous study...
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DA-DRD5 signaling controls colitis by regulating colonic M1/M2 macrophage polarization
The decrease of neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) levels in the intestine is closely related to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)....
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Selenium Deficiency Aggravates Heat Stress Pneumonia in Chickens by Disrupting the M1/M2 Balance
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element found in the body. Se deficiency and M1/M2 imbalance are closely related to inflammation. Heat stress can...
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PPAR-γ promotes the polarization of rat retinal microglia to M2 phenotype by regulating the expression of CD200-CD200R1 under hypoxia
BackgroundRecent reports suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) could promote microglial M2 polarization to inhibit...
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Distinct uptake, amplification, and release of SARS-CoV-2 by M1 and M2 alveolar macrophages
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades the alveoli, where abundant alveolar macrophages (AMs) reside. How AMs respond...
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Tissue-Resident Macrophages Methods and Protocols
This detailed book delves into the diverse techniques and applications to target, isolate, image, phenotype, and analyze tissue-resident and...
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Ficolin-A induces macrophage polarization to a novel pro-inflammatory phenotype distinct from classical M1
BackgroundMacrophages are key inflammatory immune cells that orchestrate the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases. The characters of...
