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New insights of DsbA-L in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases
Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are abnormal conditions that result from...
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Gene Characterization, Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor (IGF-1Ra) in Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio
Insulin-like growth factors ( IGF ) are powerful mitogens for a wide range of cell types and play an essential role in growth and development. In the...
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Elevated fatty acid β-oxidation by leptin contributes to the proinflammatory characteristics of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from RA patients via LKB1-AMPK pathway
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) maintain chronic inflammation leading to joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fatty acid β-oxidation...
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Proteins Cross-talking with Nox Complexes: The Social Life of Noxes
Nox NADPH Oxidases exhibit a basic organization comprising a catalytic transmembrane subunit closely regulated by canonical regulatory subunits,...
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CHIP: A Co-chaperone for Degradation by the Proteasome and Lysosome
Protein homeostasis relies on a balance between protein folding and protein degradation. Molecular chaperones like Hsp70 and Hsp90 fulfill...
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Busulfan Suppresses Autophagy in Mouse Spermatogonial Progenitor Cells via mTOR of AKT and p53 Signaling Pathways
In testis, a rare undifferentiated germ cell population with the capacity to regenerate robustly and support spermatogenesis, is defined as...
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TBC1D1 is an energy-responsive polarization regulator of macrophages via governing ROS production in obesity
Energy status is linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages, which is elevated in obesity. However, it is unclear how...
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Arsenic and Tau Phosphorylation: a Mechanistic Review
Arsenic poisoning can affect the peripheral nervous system and cause peripheral neuropathy. Despite different studies on the mechanism of...
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Impact of silencing eEF2K expression on the malignant properties of chordoma
BackgroundEukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase, eEF2K) is a calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase that...
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FOXO transcription factors as mediators of stress adaptation
The forkhead box protein O (FOXO, consisting of FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4 and FOXO6) transcription factors are the mammalian orthologues of Caenorhabditis...
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Deciphering the roles of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder and related syndromes
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of restricted interests and...
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Osteocyte-derived exosomes induced by mechanical strain promote human periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the miR-181b-5p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway
BackgroundThe oral cavity is a complex environment in which periodontal tissue is constantly stimulated by external microorganisms and mechanical...
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Roles of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases and tumours
The PI3 K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and biological processes such as cell...
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Identification of miR-192 target genes in porcine endometrial epithelial cells based on miRNA pull-down
IntroductionMicroRNAs (miRNAs)—a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs—are widely involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation of numerous...
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The Physical Factors Involved in Cancer Progression
Mechanical forces, generated externally and internally, regulate cancer development. Cancer continues to be a disease that is difficult to be healed...
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In vitro effects of H2O2 on neural stem cell differentiation
The development of the CNS is a complex and well-regulated process, where stem cells differentiate into committed cells depending on the stimuli from...
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Small molecules with huge impacts: the role of miRNA-regulated PI3K pathway in human malignancies
Along with evolution, a considerable number of signaling cascades have evolved within cells to meet their multifaceted needs. Among transmitting...
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Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies
Aging accompanied by several age-related complications, is a multifaceted inevitable biological progression involving various genetic, environmental,...
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Give and Take: The Reciprocal Control of Metabolism and Cell Cycle
Cell cycle is an ordered sequence of events that occur in a cell preparing for cell...
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Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) mitigates ER stress and improves viability and insulin sensitivity in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS)-affected horses
BackgroundEquine metabolic syndrome (EMS), which encompasses insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and predisposition to laminitis is a critical...
