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Web-based Computational Tools for the Prediction and Analysis of Post-translational Modifications of Proteins
The increase in the number of Web-based resources on post-translational modification sites (PTMSs) in proteins is accelerating. The paper presents a...
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Analysis of S-Acylation of Proteins
Palmitoylation or S-acylation is the post-translational attachment of fatty acids to cysteine residues and is common among integral and peripheral...
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Separation of N-Glycans by HPLC
Most glycoproteins carry a very heterogeneous mixture of oligosaccharides and even a single glycosylation site of a pure glycoprotein is often...
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Comparability and Monitoring Immunogenic N-linked Oligosaccharides from Recombinant Monoclonal Antibodies from Two Different Cell Lines using HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Mass Spectrometry
One of the most important structural features of recombinant monoclonal antibodies produced in mammalian cells is the N-linked oligosaccharide...
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Enzymatical Hydrolysis of N-Glycans from Glycoproteins and Fluorescent Labeling by 2-Aminobenzamide (2-AB)
When performing a structural analysis of N-glycans, a number of aspects should be considered. N-Glycans may be hydrolyzed from purifi ed...
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α-Amidated Peptides: Approaches for Analysis
α-Amidation is a terminal modification in peptide biosynthesis that can itself be rate-limiting in the overall production of bioactive α-amidated...
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Detection and Analysis of Protein ISGylation
ISG15 is a ubiquitin-like modifi er that is conjugated to target proteins by a sequential reaction catalyzed by E1/E2/E3 enzymes (protein...
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Identification of Protein Phosphorylation Sites by Advanced LC-ESI-MS/MS Methods
Phosphorylation, the process by which a phosphate group is attached to a pre-existing protein, is an evolutionarily and metabolically cheap way to...
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Analysis of Methylation, Acetylation, and other Modifications in Bacterial Ribosomal Proteins
A wide variety of post-translational modifications of expressed proteins are known to occur in living organisms (1). Although their presence in an...
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Analysis of Sumoylation
Reversible attachment of SUMO (small ubiquitin related modifi er) regulates a large number of proteins and plays an important role in processes such...
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Disulfide Bond Map** by Cyanylation-induced Cleavage and Mass Spectrometry
Oxidation of sulfhydryl groups to form a disulfi de bond is one of the most common post-translational modifi cations in proteins. Disulfi de bonds...
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Characterization of Site-specific N-Glycosylation
Even if a consensus sequence has been identified for a post- translational modification, the presence of such a sequence motif only indicates the...
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Monitoring Glycosylation of Therapeutic Glycoproteins for Consistency by HPLC Using Highly Fluorescent Anthranilic Acid (AA) Tag
Majority of protein drugs in development today are glycoproteins e.g. recombinant antibodies expressed in various cell lines. Oligosaccharides...
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Analysis of Tyrosine-O-Sulfation
Tyrosine O-sulfation was first described about 50 years ago as a post-translational modification of fibrinogen. In the following 30 years it was...
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Mass Spectrometric Determination of Protein Ubiquitination
Mass spectrometric methods of determining protein ubiquitination are described. Characteristic mass shifts and fragment ions indicating ubiquitinated...
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Mass Spectrometry and HPLC with Fluorescent Detection-Based Orthogonal Approaches to Characterize N-Linked Oligosaccharides of Recombinant Monoclonal Antibodies
A number of HPLC and mass spectrometric techniques are used to characterize post-translational modification in recombinant monoclonal antibodies...
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Detection of Post-translational Modifications by Fluorescent Staining of Two-Dimensional Gels
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key to the regulation of functional activities of proteins. Quantitative and qualitative information...
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Enzymatic Sequence Analysis of N-Glycans by Exoglycosidase Cleavage and Mass Spectrometry – detection of Lewis X Structures
Enzymatic sequencing of oligosaccharides gives structural information on sequence of monosaccharides and type of linkage within the oligosaccharide...