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Efficiency of zinc in alleviating cadmium toxicity in hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Ferdos)
BackgroundA study on photosynthetic and enzyme activity changes and mineral content in lettuce under cadmium stress has been conducted in a...
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Plant cryopreservation: a molecular perspective
Cryopreservation has emerged as one of the most viable methods for the long-term conservation of plant species, but many plants are still...
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The bulk of a plant hotspot: composition, species richness and conservation status of the Cerrado herbaceous–subshrub flora
The Cerrado is a Neotropical savanna with the highest plant species richness among tropical savannas. Most of these species are herbs and subshrubs,...
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An updated and comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological progress on the Hypecoum genus
The Hypecoum genus belongs to the family Papaveraceae, consists of roughly 16 accepted species, and is extensively distributed from the Mediterranean...
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Tragia grandistipularis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Malawi
We describe and illustrate Tragia grandistipularis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from the Southern Region of Malawi, which is easily distinguished...
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Detection and molecular characterization of soft scale insect, Megapulvinaria maxima (Green) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) infesting Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. from India
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. ex Sm is a vital medicinal plant effective in treatment of Diabetes mellitus. The soft scale, Megapulvinaria maxima (...
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Drought heightens severity of diseases caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Cryptostroma corticale and needs to be factored in to properly assess pathogenicity or fulfill Koch’s postulates
Climate change is driving the emergence of novel tree diseases at the global scale, requiring new approaches for the formal confirmation of the...
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Cholera toxin: mechanisms of entry into host cells
Cholera toxin moves from the plasma membrane to the ER of host cells to cause disease. Trafficking in this pathway depends on toxin binding to...
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The Ustilago maydis killer toxins
Killer toxins are small proteins secreted by a number of fungi that are lethal to susceptible cells (generally fungi of the same or related species)....
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Biosynthesis and function of 1-methyladenosine in transfer RNA
Determining the function of single nucleotide modifications in tRNA has been elusive because so many tRNA modification enzymes are not essential for...
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Transfer RNA modifications and modifying enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Transfer RNAs are adaptor molecules, which decode mRNA into protein and, thereby, play a central role in gene expression. During the maturation of a...
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Checkpoint and Coordinated Cellular Responses to DNA Damage
The DNA damage and replication checkpoints are signaling mechanisms that regulate and coordinate cellular responses to genotoxic conditions. The...
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Systems biology of apoptosis
New approaches are required for the mathematical modelling and system identification of complex signal transduction networks, which are characterized...
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S. cerevisiae K28 toxin – a secreted virus toxin of the A/B family of protein toxins
Since the initial discovery of toxin-secreting killer strains in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae more than 40 years ago, continuous research on...
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The biosynthesis and functional roles of methylated nucleosides in eukaryotic mRNA
Modified nucleosides are present in mRNA of all eukaryotes, albeit at much lower levels than in other RNA moieties such as rRNA, tRNA, and snRNA....
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Adenosine to inosine RNA editing in animal cells
Major advances in the understanding of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) have come from the generation of ADAR mutant animals. In mice,...
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Scientific and technical challenges for systems biology
Systems biology is an emergent discipline, yet can be rooted back almost a century when pioneering thoughts on system-oriented views were discussed....
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Regulation of S Phase
Regulation of DNA replication is critical for accurate and timely dissemination of genomic material to daughter cells. The cell uses a variety of...
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Functions of Rab GTPases in organelle biogenesis
Rab GTPases regulate diverse aspects of the biogenesis of secretory and endocytic organelles. The conformational changes that accompany GTP binding...