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Data Flows and Data Protection Law
This chapter identifies the current day members of the Commonwealth, and the data laws they have established. It will be highlighted how the title of... -
Key Definitions of Terms
This chapter examines a number of key definitions within the national arbitration laws. The chapter reinforces the overall book that, there is wide... -
Controller, Consent, Processing
The concepts of consent, controller and processor compared in this chapter are important features of current day data laws. This chapter demonstrates... -
Regulator
The creation of an independent Regulator is an important step to ensuring the promotion and implementation of data laws within a country. This... -
Fraud
Fraud committed via the Internet is another type of cybercrime that has become increasingly sophisticated. It can be both national and transnational.... -
Localisation
Data localisation is a new addition to data and privacy law(s) around the world. This is no different for Commonwealth member countries. This chapter... -
Data Flows: International Transfer
Data flows regulation has emerged as specific provisions within the broader regulation of data. These provisions help facilitate the transfer of data... -
Cybersecurity and Data Laws of the Commonwealth International Trade, Investment and Arbitration
The book has been authored by a highly regarded international legal scholar and practitioner in transnational commercial and private law. The book... -
When Do Arbitrators Need to Be Technologically Competent?
It is increasingly common for arbitrators to have to answer specific questions about their digital expertise from arbitral institutions or parties... -
Why Is Technological Competence in Arbitration Important from a Legal and Financial Point of View?
This chapter explains why technology is currently one of the most trusted resources for achieving rapid and cost-effective resolution of conflicts,... -
Belgium
In 2018, Belgium adopted the New Royal Decree on biobanks, which implements the 2008 Act on the obtaining and use of human body material for human... -
Portugal
National law regulates the establishment and management of biobanks (stem cell biobanks, biobanks for criminal and civil purposes, biobanks for... -
Cyprus
In Cyprus, the legitimate processing of data for scientific purposes shall not produce effects that significantly affect the data subject. The... -
Germany
Since Germany does not have its own law on the establishment and use of biobanks, the related issues must be measured against § 27 of the Federal... -
Brexit Effects
The Brexit effect on the transfer of data and samples within a healthcare context is, of course, the result of the UK’s exit from the EU, which... -
Ireland
This paper examines Ireland’s legislation on the processing of health data for research purposes. The focus is on an analysis of national legislation... -
Netherlands
There is no specific law on biobanking in the Netherlands. The rules on storage of biological material and protection of personal data in the context... -
Malta
One of the main aspects that emerges from the analysis of the Maltese legal framework is the effort to reinforce the relationship between the... -
Sweden
In the Swedish framework, biobanking has as its main legislative reference the law on biobanking in the healthcare sector of 2002. At the beginning... -
Slovenia
This country report focuses on some relevant questions about the current state of regulations on human tissues for research purposes and deals with...