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Atmospheric Gases
The atmosphere appeared very early on Earth. Its mean age is in fact 4.4 Ga, according to Argon and Xenon isotope dating (Fegley et al., 1986; and...
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Atmospheric Instabilities
The atmospheric instability (or stability) implies the evolution tendency of the disturbance of the air parcel, which is originally under a sort of...
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Investigation of Atmospheric Anomalies due to the Great Tohoku Earthquake Disturbance Using NRLMSISE-00 Atmospheric Model Measurement
In this study, the atmospheric changes for the 9.0-magnitude Tohoku earthquake, which occurred on March 11, 2011, are analyzed. The March 11, 2011...
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Urbanization alters atmospheric dryness through land evapotranspiration
‘Urban Dry (Wet) Islands’ (UDI/UWI) represents microclimate change that impacts ecosystems and human well-being. However, causes of the UDI (UWI)...
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Atmospheric Photooxidation of Gas Phase Air Pollutants
An overview of the gas-phase reactions responsible for the photooxidation of air pollutants is provided. Starting with an introduction to the...
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Delayed and variable late Archaean atmospheric oxidation due to high collision rates on Earth
Frequent violent collisions of impactors from space punctuated the geological and atmospheric evolution of early Earth. It is generally accepted that...
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Impact of Atmospheric Transmittance and NLTE Correction on Simulation of High Spectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder onboard FY-3E
With the launch of the first civilian early-morning orbit satellite Fengyun-3E ( FY-3E ), higher demands are placed on the accuracy of radiative...
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Impact of atmospheric circulations on droughts and drought propagation over China
The GRACE satellite mission provides a new approach for monitoring, tracking, and assessing drought conditions by detecting changes in Earth’s...
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Record of pre-industrial atmospheric sulfate in continental interiors
Sulfate aerosols affect climate by scattering radiation and by changing the microphysical properties of water clouds. In much of the continental...
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Pan-Arctic methanesulfonic acid aerosol: source regions, atmospheric drivers, and future projections
Natural aerosols are an important, yet understudied, part of the Arctic climate system. Natural marine biogenic aerosol components (e.g.,...
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Vertical Turbulent Mixing in Atmospheric Models
This chapter begins by providing a brief historical review of the vertical turbulent mixingTurbulent mixing” schemes, followed by an overall concept...
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A Neural-network-based Alternative Scheme to Include Nonhydrostatic Processes in an Atmospheric Dynamical Core
Here, a nonhydrostatic alternative scheme (NAS) is proposed for the grey zone where the nonhydrostatic impact on the atmosphere is evident but not...
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Features and Equation Set of Mesoscale Atmospheric Motions
Atmospheric circulation systems have various scales and different features. The scale divisions of the atmospheric circulation systems and the...
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Large spread in interannual variance of atmospheric CO2 concentration across CMIP6 Earth System Models
Numerical Earth System Models (ESMs) are our best tool to predict the evolution of atmospheric CO2 concentration and its effect on Global...
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Analytical solutions for harvesting atmospheric water using desiccant materials
Atmospheric water generation using desiccant materials is a promising technology for producing clean drinking water in water-scarce regions. While...
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Wasted efforts of elite Marathon runners under a warming climate primarily due to atmospheric oxygen reduction
Meteorological conditions exert influences on sport performances via complex processes. Previous studies conventionally investigate the effects of...
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Modelling atmospheric pressure through the hybridization of an ANFIS using IOWA and a snake optimizer
The atmospheric pressure plays a critical role in ecology because it serves as an essential indicator of environmental phenomena. Hence, reliable...
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Advances in Atmospheric Radiation: Theories, Models, and Their Applications. Part II: Radiative Transfer Models and Related Applications
The subject of “atmospheric radiation” includes not only fundamental theories on atmospheric gaseous absorption and the scattering and radiative...
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Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibres influenced by their shapes
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the atmosphere in the long-range transport of microplastic fibres. However, their dry deposition in...
