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Lentiviral Vectors
We review the use of lentiviral vectors in current human gene therapy applications that involve genetic modification of nondividing tissues with...
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Plasmid Vaccines and Therapeutics: From Design to Applications
In the late 1980s, Vical and collaborators discovered that the injection into tissues of unformulated plasmid encoding various proteins resulted in...
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Non-Salen Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation and Asymmetric Aminohydroxylation of Alkenes. Practical Applications and Recent Advances
Over the past two decades the asymmetric dihydroxylation (AD) and asymmetric aminohydroxylation (AA) of alkenes has attracted a great deal of...
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Extreme Environments as a Resource for Microorganisms and Novel Biocatalysts
The steady increase in the number of newly isolated extremophilic microorganisms and the discovery of their enzymes by academic and industrial...
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Downstream Processing in Marine Biotechnology
Downstream processing is one of the most underestimated steps in bioprocesses and this is not only the case in marine biotechnology. However, it...
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Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Complex Marine Natural Products
Among nature's ecosystems, the marine environment has been an extremely rich source of structurally complex and biologically active molecules. This...
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Large-Scale Production of Hairy Root
Many products of interest are synthesized in organized tissues, but not formed in suspension or callus culture. Therefore, most attention has been...
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Island Grafts: A Model for Studying Skin Regeneration in Isolation from other Processes
This chapter introduces the concept of an island graft, in which large full-thickness skin wounds are created with a small treatment area in the...
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Engineering Fluorescent Proteins
Green fluorescent protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victora (GFP) and GFP-like proteins from Anthozoa species encode light-absorbing chromophores...
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Live Cell Spinning Disk Microscopy
In vivo microscopy of dynamic processes in cells and organisms requires very fast and sensitive acquisition methods. Confocal laser scanning...
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Stereospecific Olefin Polymerization Catalyzed by Metallocene Complexes
Metallocene complexes that serve as stereoselective olefin polymerization catalysts are described. The polymerization of propylene, styrene, methyl...
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Aquaculture of “Non-Food Organisms” for Natural Substance Production
Marine invertebrates are already sources of commercially important secondary metabolites and may become even more so as knowledge on marine...
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Trends and Challenges in Enzyme Technology
Several major developments took place in the field of biocatalysis over the past few years. These include the invention of directed evolution...
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Microbial Isoprenoid Production: An Example of Green Chemistry through Metabolic Engineering
Saving energy, cost efficiency, producing less waste, improving the biodegradability of products, potential for producing novel and complex...
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Lipids
Structured lipids (SLs) are defined as lipids that are modified chemically or enzymatically in order to change their structure. This review deals...
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Diastereoselective, Enantioselective, and Regioselective Carboalumination Reactions Catalyzed by Zirconocene Derivatives
Coordinatively unsaturated alkylzirconocene derivatives can undergo stereo-, and regioselective carbometallation reactions of synthetic utility via...
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Biochemistry and General Genetics of Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetases in Fungi
Peptides like penicillin or cyclosporin are nonribosomally synthesised by large multifunctional enzymes. Peptide synthetase genes are coexpressed...
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Compartmentalization and Transport in β-Lactam Antibiotics Biosynthesis
Classical strain improvement of β-lactam producing organisms by random mutagenesis has been a powerful tool during the last century. Current insights...
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Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching: Application to Nuclear Proteins
Fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) has received increasing attention ever since it was first introduced into cell biological...