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Culture supplementation of bFGF, GDNF, and LIF alters in vitro proliferation, colony formation, and pluripotency of neonatal porcine germ cells
Gonocytes in the neonatal testis have male germline stem cell properties and as such have important potential applications in fertility preservation...
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Small noncoding RNAs and sperm nuclear basic proteins reflect the environmental impact on germ cells
BackgroundMolecular techniques can complement conventional spermiogram analyses to provide new information on the fertilizing potential of...
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Gut-derived metabolites influence neurodevelopmental gene expression and Wnt signaling events in a germ-free zebrafish model
BackgroundSmall molecule metabolites produced by the microbiome are known to be neuroactive and are capable of directly impacting the brain and...
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Brain and Spinal Tumors Originating from the Germ Line Cells
Primary central nervous systemCentral nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumorsGerm cell tumors (GCT) (CNS GCTs) are part of the GCTs in children and...
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From germ-free to wild: modulating microbiome complexity to understand mucosal immunology
The gut microbiota influences host responses at practically every level, and as research into host-microbe interactions expands, it is not surprising...
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NANOS3 downregulation in Down syndrome hiPSCs during primordial germ cell-like cell differentiation
Human infertility is a complex disorder at the genetic, molecular, cellular, organ, and hormonal levels. New develo** technology based on the...
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Characterizing the mutational burden, DNA methylation landscape, and proteome of germ cell tumor-related somatic-type malignancies to identify the tissue-of-origin, mechanisms of therapy resistance, and druggable targets
BackgroundGerm cell tumors (GCT) might undergo transformation into a somatic-type malignancy (STM), resulting in a cell fate switch to tumors usually...
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The three-dimensional conformation and activity of mitochondria in syncytial male germ line-cysts of medicinal leeches
We studied the spatial conformation and activity of mitochondria in the develo** syncytial male germline cysts during spermatogenesis of the...
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Neural Tube Formation
This chapter describes medaka development in the pre-phylotypic period, i.e., from the fertilized eggs to the embryos that have the neural tubes...
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Beneficial effects of Cyclosporine A in combination with Nortriptyline on germ cell-specific apoptosis, oxidative stress and epididymal sperm qualities following testicular ischemia/reperfusion in rats: a comparative study
BackgroundTesticular torsion is a pathological condition which needs emergency surgical intervention. However, after surgical reperfusion, oxidative...
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Targeting CLDN6 in germ cell tumors by an antibody-drug-conjugate and studying therapy resistance of yolk-sac tumors to identify and screen specific therapeutic options
BackgroundBeing the standard-of-care for four decades, cisplatin-based chemotherapy is highly efficient in treating germ cell tumors (GCT). However,...
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Early germline differentiation in bivalves: TDRD7 as a candidate investigational unit for Ruditapes philippinarum germ granule assembly
The germline is a key feature of sexual animals and the ways in which it separates from the soma differ widely across Metazoa. However, at least at...
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Presence of the matrix metalloproteinases during the migration of the primordial germ cells in zebrafish gonadal ridge
In vertebrates, the primordial germ cells (PGCs) differentiate from extragonadal regions, migrating to gonadal ridge during the embryonic...
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Imaging of Inflammasome Speck Formation in Living Cells
The detection of pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns during an inflammatory injury triggers the activation of cytosolic sensors known...
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Using a testis regeneration model, FGF9, LIF, and SCF improve testis cord formation while RA enhances gonocyte survival
Implantation of testis cell aggregates from various donors under the back skin of recipient mice results in de novo formation of testis tissue. We...
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MLL3/MLL4 methyltransferase activities control early embryonic development and embryonic stem cell differentiation in a lineage-selective manner
H3K4me1 methyltransferases MLL3 (KMT2C) and MLL4 (KMT2D) are critical for enhancer activation, cell differentiation and development. However, roles...
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Overview of the Development of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord
The development of the human brain and spinal cord may be divided into several phases, each of which is characterized by particular developmental...
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Resveratrol’s neural protective effects for the injured embryoid body and cerebral organoid
ObjectiveResveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol compound found in grapes, veratrum and other plants. It has been reported that RSV has anti-inflammatory,...
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Preimplantation Development: From Germ Cells to Blastocyst
In mammals, after germ cells have arrived in the gonads, they have to undergo several steps to become cells that are competent of forming a...