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Wavelet-Based Bracketing, Time–Frequency Beta Burst Detection: New Insights in Parkinson’s Disease
Studies have shown that beta band activity is not tonically elevated but comprises exaggerated phasic bursts of varying durations and magnitudes, for...
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Repeated dosing with cocaine produces strain-dependent effects on responding for conditioned reinforcement in Collaborative Cross mice
RationaleCocaine use disorder (CUD) is a highly heritable form of substance use disorder, with genetic variation accounting for a substantial...
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Non-additive activity modulation during a decision making task involving tactic selection
Human brain imaging has revealed that stimulus-induced activity does generally not simply add to the pre-stimulus activity, but rather builds in a...
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Astrocytes mediate long-lasting synaptic regulation of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons
The plasticity of glutamatergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) represents a fundamental mechanism in the modulation of dopamine...
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Computational modeling of light processing in the habenula and dorsal raphe based on laser ablation of functionally-defined cells
BackgroundThe habenula is a major regulator of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe, and thus of brain state. The functional connectivity between...
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Quantifying harmony between direct and indirect pathways in the basal ganglia: healthy and Parkinsonian states
The basal ganglia (BG) show a variety of functions for motor and cognition. There are two competitive pathways in the BG; direct pathway (DP) which...
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A gradual temporal shift of dopamine responses mirrors the progression of temporal difference error in machine learning
A large body of evidence has indicated that the phasic responses of midbrain dopamine neurons show a remarkable similarity to a type of teaching...
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Sepsis-Induced Inhibition of Contractile Function of Lymphatic Nodes
Inflammation accompanies most pathological processes, while the lymphatic system takes part in both the development and resolution of inflammation....
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Redefining differential roles of MAO-A in dopamine degradation and MAO-B in tonic GABA synthesis
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is believed to mediate the degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters, including dopamine, in the brain. Between the two...
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Consequences of Neurotoxin-Induced Dopamine Loss on Striatal Synaptic Plasticity
Synaptic plasticity refers to the ability of synapses to strengthen and weaken in response to changes in activity and is a neural correlate of...
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Qualia, Brain Waves, and Spinal Reflexes: The Study of Pain Perception by Means of Subjective Reports, Electroencephalography, and Electromyography
Pain is defined as an inherently conscious multidimensional experience, which is traditionally studied using psychophysical methods. Pain threshold,...
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Mouse aortic biomechanics are affected by short-term defective autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells
The physiology of vascular smooth muscle (VSMC) cells is affected by autophagy, a catabolic cellular mechanism responsible for nutrient recycling....
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Ca2+ Signaling Is the Basis for Pacemaker Activity and Neurotransduction in Interstitial Cells of the GI Tract
Years ago gastrointestinal motility was thought to be due to interactions between enteric nerves and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the tunica...
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Characterization of Source-Localized EEG Activity During Sustained Deep-Tissue Pain
Musculoskeletal pain is a clinical condition that is characterized by ongoing pain and discomfort in the deep tissues such as muscle, bones,...
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The Role of Dopamine in Training Automaticity
Habits and motor skills serve to automate routine behaviors, allowing the fast and fluid execution of complex tasks while reducing cognitive load....
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The Role of Extrasynaptic GABA Receptors in Postpartum Depression
Postpartum depression is a serious disease with a high incidence and severe impact on pregnant women and infants, but its mechanism remains unclear....
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Neurogenic substance P—influences on action potential production in afferent neurons of the kidney?
We recently showed that a substance P (SP)–dependent sympatho-inhibitory mechanism via afferent renal nerves is impaired in mesangioproliferative...
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Is the Sex Difference a Clue to the Pathomechanism of Dry Eye Disease? Watch out for the NGF-TrkA-Piezo2 Signaling Axis and the Piezo2 Channelopathy
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder with recognized pathology, but not entirely known pathomechanism. It is suggested to represent a...
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Using a haptic dynamic clamp to reduce arousal: preference, arousal, and coordination stability are related
We have developed a haptic dynamic clamp dedicated to the regulation of arousal. It takes the form of a vibrating stress ball to be squeezed, called...
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Perioperative Monitoring of Autonomic Nervous Activity
The role of autonomous nervous system (ANS) is becoming more evident as accumulating information about human physiology arises. Therefore, monitoring...