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    Chapter

    Outline of the Great East Japan Earthquake

    An earthquake occurred at 2:46 P.M. on March 11, 2011, off the Pacific coast of Tohoku. It measured 9.0 Mw on the moment magnitude scale and was the largest recorded earthquake in known Japanese history. Extre...

    Naoaki Shimada in Ecological Impacts of Tsunamis on Coastal Ecosystems (2016)

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    Chapter

    The Species Composition of Buried Seeds of Seashore Vegetation Disturbed by the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in Northern Tohoku, Japan

    The 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami damaged most sandy coastlines in Tohoku, Japan, and sandy beach vegetation was extensively disturbed. Buried seeds contribute greatly to vegetation recovery and ecological successio...

    Motohiro Kawanishi, Daisuke Hayasaka in Ecological Impacts of Tsunamis on Coastal … (2016)