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Article
X-ray depth profiling of iron oxide thin films
A nominally γ-Fe2O3 thin film (oxidized from an Fe3O4 film) has been structurally depth profiled using x-ray scattering in a grazing incidence, asymmetric Bragg geometry. By varying the grazing incidence angle, t...
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Article
In Situ X-Ray Scattering of Monolayers Adsorbed at Electrochemical Interfaces.
Surface x-ray scattering has been used to study in-situ the structure of Pb monolayers electrochemically adsorbed on Ag (111) electrodes. Pb forms an incommensurate, hexagonal two-dimensional (2D) solid, which is...
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Article
Structural and Magnetic X-RAY Scattering Measurements of Epitaxial Dy thin Films
We report structural and magnetic X-ray scattering measurements of a 2000Å thick Dy film, sandwiched by LaF3 films on a GaAs(111) substrate. The structure was grow by molecular beam epitaxy with the c-axis of the...
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Studies of Electrodes by in Situ X-Ray Scattering
The atomic structure at solid-electrolyte interphases can be determined directly with X-ray scattering, and this is becoming a powerful method of characterizing such ‘buried’ interfaces. In this paper, I give ...
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Article
Voltage-dependent ordering of water molecules at an electrode–electrolyte interface
THE arrangement of water molecules at charged, aqueous interfaces is an important question in electrochemistry, geochemistry and biology. Theoretical studies1–11 suggest that the molecules become arranged in seve...
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Article
Near-surface alignment of polymers in rubbed films
RUBBED polymer films (generally polyimides) are used in flat-panel displays to control the alignment of liquid crystals in contact with the polymer1–8, a phenomenon first discovered by Maugin1 in 1911. Buffing th...
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Article
In Situ X-Ray-Diffraction Studies of Passive Oxide Films
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Article
Highly oriented crystals at the buried interface in polythiophene thin-film transistors
Thin films of polymer semiconductors are being intensively investigated for large-area electronics applications such as light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and thin-film transistors. Understanding the re...
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Article
Liquid-crystalline semiconducting polymers with high charge-carrier mobility
Organic semiconductors that can be fabricated by simple processing techniques and possess excellent electrical performance, are key requirements in the progress of organic electronics. Both high semiconductor ...
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Article
Large modulation of carrier transport by grain-boundary molecular packing and microstructure in organic thin films
Solution-processable organic semiconductors are central to develo** viable printed electronics, and performance comparable to that of amorphous silicon has been reported for films grown from soluble semicond...
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Article
Lattice-strain control of the activity in dealloyed core–shell fuel cell catalysts
Electrocatalysis will play a key role in future energy conversion and storage technologies, such as water electrolysers, fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Molecular interactions between chemical reactants an...
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Article
Tuning charge transport in solution-sheared organic semiconductors using lattice strain
A solution-processing method known as solution shearing is used to introduce lattice strain to organic semiconductors, thus improving charge carrier mobility.
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Article
A general relationship between disorder, aggregation and charge transport in conjugated polymers
Conjugated polymer chains have many degrees of conformational freedom and interact weakly with each other, resulting in complex microstructures in the solid state. Understanding charge transport in such system...
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Article
Full open-framework batteries for stationary energy storage
New types of energy storage are needed in conjunction with the deployment of renewable energy sources and their integration with the electrical grid. We have recently introduced a family of cathodes involving ...
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Article
Ultra-high mobility transparent organic thin film transistors grown by an off-centre spin-coating method
Organic semiconductors with higher carrier mobility and better transparency have been actively pursued for numerous applications, such as flat-panel display backplane and sensor arrays. The carrier mobility is...
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Article
High-resolution x-ray analysis of graphene grown on 4H-SiC ( \(000\bar 1\) ) at low pressures
This article explores the growth of graphene under low-pressure Ar conditions. Carbon- and silicon-face 4H-SiC samples are subjected to epitaxial graphene growth at 1600 °C in vacuum, in 1 mbar argon, or in 10...
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Article
Open AccessExtraction of pore-morphology and capillary pressure curves of porous media from synchrotron-based tomography data
The elevated level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has caused serious concern of the progression of global warming. Geological sequestration is considered as one of the most promising techniques for mitigatin...
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Article
Open AccessFlow-enhanced solution printing of all-polymer solar cells
Morphology control of solution coated solar cell materials presents a key challenge limiting their device performance and commercial viability. Here we present a new concept for controlling phase separation du...
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Article
Open AccessThe formation mechanism for printed silver-contacts for silicon solar cells
Screen-printing provides an economically attractive means for making Ag electrical contacts to Si solar cells, but the use of Ag substantiates a significant manufacturing cost, and the glass frit used in the p...
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Article
Open AccessMeasurement and Modeling of Short and Medium Range Order in Amorphous Ta2O5 Thin Films
Amorphous films and coatings are rapidly growing in importance. Yet, there is a dearth of high-quality structural data on sub-micron films. Not understanding how these materials assemble at atomic scale limits...
