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    Chapter

    TOS: Clinical Incidence and Scope of the Problem

    Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) has been recognized since the nineteenth century, and the “modern” area of treatment, especially for NTOS, dates from at least the 1970s. Despite this, however, the incidence of ...

    Karl A. Illig, Eduardo Rodriguez-Zoppi in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    NTOS for the Primary Care Team: When to Consider the Diagnosis?

    Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a real but uncommon syndrome, and, as a result diagnosis is often delayed and referral to a specialist frequently comes later than the patient and physician would like. It is ...

    Karl A. Illig, Dean M. Donahue in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    Controversies in NTOS: What Is the Evidence Supporting Brachial Plexus Neurolysis and Wrap**

    The motor and sensory deficits of NTOS may be due in part to neurologically active, fibrotic tissue surrounding the brachial plexus. The pathophysiologic mechanism behind the formation of this tissue begins wi...

    Chetan Dargan, Karl A. Illig in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    Diagnosis of VTOS: 2016 Consensus Guidelines

    Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) is the second most common form of TOS. While seemingly easy to diagnose, there are some pitfalls and differences of opinions regarding classification. Treatment varies ac...

    Karl A. Illig in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    Establishing a TOS-Focused Practice

    Patients with thoracic outlet syndrome, especially neurologic, typically require many more resources than the typical vascular, thoracic, or neurologic patient. As such, a dedicated TOS clinic pays major divid...

    Karl A. Illig, Robert W. Thompson, Julie Ann Freischlag in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    A Closer Look at QuickDASH and CBSQ: What Do they Tell us?

    Two relatively objective patient-reported checklists are recommended for use in patients with NTOS: The short form of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) and Cervicobrachial Symptom Que...

    Karl A. Illig, Kathryn Cline in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    Hypercoagulable Conditions and VTOS

    Subclavian vein thrombosis (SVT) in patients with venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) can be difficult to manage, and the prevalence of hypercoagulable disorders in patients with VTOS needs to be clarified....

    Kendall Likes, Karl A. Illig in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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    Chapter

    TOS: The Perspective of the Patient

    As all who care for patients with this problem can attest, thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is perhaps the best example of a diagnosis that is slow to be made. Symptoms can be obscure and at first mild, many pri...

    Karl A. Illig in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (2021)

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