Natural and Constructed Wetlands
Nutrients, heavy metals and energy cycling, and flow
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Jan Vymazal
Life Sciences
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Constructed Wetlands for Water Quality Regulation
have been used for wastewater treatment since the 1960s. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems that have been designed and constructed to utilize natural processes involving wetland soils, vegetation, a...
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Article
Seed bank of Littorella uniflora (L.) Asch. in the Czech Republic, Central Europe: does burial depth and sediment type influence seed germination?
Littorella uniflora (Plantaginaceae) is a scarce and declining aquatic plant in Europe. Its population has been strongly reduced by changes in fishpond management (eutrophication) in the ...
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Article
Preface: Wetlands biodiversity and processes—tools for conservation and management
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Book
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Chapter
Transformation of Chloroform in Constructed Wetlands
Chloroform is a volatile organic contaminate widely detected in groundwater, surface water and wastewater effluent, thus its fate in the natural treatment systems is of great importance to the environment and ...
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Chapter
Distribution of Phosphorus and Nitrogen in Phragmites australis Aboveground Biomass
The objective of this study was to evaluate nitrogen and phosphorus compartmentalization in the aboveground biomass of Phragmites australis and its seasonality. The study was carried out at four sites in the litt...
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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
Constructed Wetlands for Water Quality Regulation
have been used for wastewater treatment since the 1960s. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems that have been designed and constructed to utilize natural processes involving wetland soils, vegetation,...
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Chapter
Treatment of Chlorinated Benzenes in Different Pilot Scale Constructed Wetlands
Chlorinated benzenes (CBs) are common pollutants in groundwater due to their broad usage in industry and agriculture. Remediation of CBs from contaminated groundwater is of great importance. Biodegradation has...
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Chapter
Decomposition of Phragmites australis in Relation to Depth of Flooding
Decomposition of Phragmites australis in relation to water depth was studied in the littoral reed stands of two fishponds near Prague during 2014. In both fishponds, three sites were selected along the water dept...
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Article
Removal of alkali metals and their sequestration in plants in constructed wetlands treating municipal sewage
This study is aimed at retention of K, Na, Mg, and Ca in two constructed wetlands (CWs) in the Czech Republic, and on the evaluation of particular standing stocks in both above- and belowground plant biomass. ...
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Article
Plants used in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow: a review
The presence of macrophytes is one of the most conspicuous features of wetlands and their presence distinguishes constructed wetlands from unplanted soil filters or lagoons. The macrophytes growing in construc...
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Article
Removal of nitrogen in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-sureface flow: a review
The paper describes the removal of nitrogen in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands (HF CWs) for various types of wastewater. The survey includes more than 900 annual means from more than 300 syste...
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Chapter
Algal Responses to Long-Term Nutrient Additions
Periphyton is an important part of the food web and is an integral part of the Everglades ecosystem (Wood and Maynard 1974; Browder et al. 1982). During the late summer and fall, thick mats floating at the sur...
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Chapter
Experimental Assessment of Phosphorus Effects on Algal Assemblages in Dosing Mesocosms
Periphyton covered by calcareous precipitations in the Everglades is mostly dominated by cyanobacteria (Cyanoprokaryota, blue-green algae). In some areas of the Everglades, diatoms, desmids, and a few species ...
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Chapter
Macrophyte Slough Community Response to Experimental Phosphorus Enrichment and Periphyton Removal
In this chapter, we will present evidence that may help in explaining the general pattern of response of wetland macrophyte communities to eutrophication, light, and competition as well as assess changes in pl...
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Chapter
Plant Community Response to Long-Term N and P Fertilization
The objective of the Duke N and P fertilizer study in three Everglades plant communities (sawgrass, mixed sawgrass–cattail, and slough) was to determine the long-term (>6 years) effects of fertilizer additions...
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Chapter
Macrophyte Community Responses in the Everglades with an Emphasis on Cattail (Typha domingensis) and Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense) Interactions along a Gradient of Long-Term Nutrient Additions, Altered Hydroperiod, and Fire
Collectively, these studies suggest that multiple factors are responsible for the alteration and maintenance of plant community structure in the Everglades (Fig. 9.1). Historically, the primary factor controll...
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Chapter
Vegetation and Algae of the Everglades Fen
The objectives of this chapter are to briefly review the species composition of plant communities in the Florida Everglades as well as present an assessment of aboveand belowground biomass for each plant commu...
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Chapter
Enrichment Gradients in WCA-2A and Northern WCA-3A: Water, Soil, Plant Biomass, and Nutrient Storage Responses
Increases in cation (e.g., Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+) and anion (e.g., Cl? and NO? 3) concentrations have been documented throughout the greater Everglades ecosystem (SFWMD 2004, 2005, 2006). In particular, concerns...
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Chapter
Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Constructed wetlands have been used for wastewater treatment for nearly 40 years and have become a widely accepted technology available to deal with both point and non-point sources of water pollution. They of...
