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Chapter
Induction of IL-12 Secretion and Enhanced Surface Expression of B7.1/B7.2 and ICAM-1 in Human Monocytes Activated by the Vaccine Carrier Brucella Abortus: Correlation with in Vivo Generation of Cellular Immune Responses
It is well established that two cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-4, play an important role in the differentiation of Th0/Tc0 cells into effector types Th1/Tc1 or Th2/Tc2 cells during the initial phase of the immune res...
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Chapter
Design of Vaccines for the Induction of Antibody Responses in Th-Cell Deficient Individuals
Development of a vaccine to protect against infection with HIV-1 or to enhance antiviral immunity after HIV-1 has established itself in the host, is a major challenge to researchers. The virus has evolved many...
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Chapter
Strategies for the Stimulation of Th Cell Subsets
Our understanding of the role of T cell subsets and cytokines in protective immunity is based on evidence that CD4+ T cells can be separated into subsets on the basis of the profile of cytokines they produce. ...
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Chapter
Immunogenicity of Lipopolysaccharide Derived from Brucella abortus: Potential as a Carrier in Development of Vaccines for AIDS
In view of its unique ability to stimulate human B cells, we have considered using Brucella abortus (BA) as a carrier for human vaccines. Recently we showed that HIV-1 coupled to BA, but not unconjugated HIV-1...