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Article
Fluence Ordering of Solar Energetic Proton Events Using Cosmogenic Radionuclide Data
While data on the cosmogenic isotopes 14C and 10Be made it possible to evaluate extreme solar proton events (SPEs) in the past, their relation to standard parameters quantifying the SPE strengths, viz. the integr...
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Article
A Comparison of Ground Level Event e/p and Fe/O Ratios with Associated Solar Flare and CME Characteristics
Solar energetic particle (SEP) events reaching rigidities >1 GV are observed at 1 AU as ground-level events (GLEs). They are considered to be extreme cases of gradual SEP events, produced by shocks driven by w...
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Article
Gamma-Ray Line Observations of the 2000 July 14 Flare and SEP Impact on the Earth
The HXS and GRS detectors on Yohkoh observed the 14 July 2000, X5.7 flare, beginning at ∼ 10:20 UT, ∼ 4 min before the peak in soft X-rays. The hard X-rays and γ-rays peaked ∼ 3 min later at ∼ 10:27 UT. Solar γ-r...