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Protocol
Dynamic Proximity Tagging in Living Plant Cells with Pupylation-Based Interaction Tagging
Identification of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein kinase substrates is fundamental for understanding how proteins exert biological functions with their partners and targets. However, it is stil...
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Protocol
Analysis of Protein Degradation in Ferroptosis
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a highly conserved cellular mechanism that degrades and recycles proteins in eukaryotic cells. It involves the tagging of specific target proteins with ubiquitin, a sma...
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Protocol
Selecting Channelrhodopsin Constructs for Optimal Visual Restoration in Differing Light Conditions
Channelrhodopsin (ChR)-based optogenetics is one promising approach to restore vision in photoreceptor degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Curren...
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Protocol
Characterization of Arsenic-Induced Cancer Stem-Like Cells
Arsenic is a well-known human carcinogen. However, the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced carcinogenesis remain elusive. Here we show that chronic and low level of arsenic stress induces transformation of t...
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Protocol
MicroRNAs, Long Noncoding RNAs, and Their Functions in Human Disease
Majority of the human genome is transcribed into RNAs with absent or limited protein-coding potential. microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two major families of the non-protein-coding tran...
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Protocol
A Protocol to Collect Specific Mouse Skeletal Muscles for Metabolomics Studies
Due to the highly sensitive nature of metabolic states, the quality of metabolomics data depends on the suitability of the experimental procedure. Metabolism could be affected by factors such as the method of ...
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Protocol
Erratum to: Genome-Wide Detection of Selection and Other Evolutionary Forces
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Protocol
Genome-Wide Detection of Selection and Other Evolutionary Forces
As is well known, pathogenic microbes evolve rapidly to escape from the host immune system and antibiotics. Genetic variations among microbial populations occur frequently during the long-term pathogen–host ev...
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Protocol
β-Actin in the Signaling of Transmembrane TNF-α-Mediated Cytotoxicity
To study the role of β-actin in the signaling of transmembrane TNF-α (tmTNF-α)-mediated cytotoxicity, we mainly used bioassay and apoptosis assay, detection of the visual changes in β-actin and intracellular t...
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Protocol
Deriving Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell Lines
In adult males, spermatogonial stem cells function to replenish develo** gametes that are continuously released from the testes as mature spermatozoa. Because of their potential importance to research, medic...
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Protocol
Isolating Highly Pure Rat Spermatogonial Stem Cells in Culture
Methods are detailed for isolating highly pure populations of spermatogonial stem cells from primary cultures of testis cells prepared from 22- to 24-day-old rats. The procedure is based on the principle that ...