104 Result(s)
within
Protocol
Zheng-**ong **
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Protocol
Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry are powerful techniques for localizing the molecular expression of proteins in tissues and cells, especially when combined with the in situ hybridization technique. Im...
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Protocol
Stimulation of Anti-HIV-1 Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes by Dendritic Cells
Dendritic cells (DC) are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells (APC) in both primary and secondary T-cell responses. This may be related to their expression of high levels of MHC class I and II antigens (1-
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Protocol
Measurement of Cytokine and Chemokine Gene Expression Patterns Using cDNA Array
The purpose of the gene array techniques is to simultaneously analyze the expression or characteristics of a large number of genes (1–3). These techniques can be used to compare gene expression in various cells o...
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Protocol
Measurement of Cytokine and Chemokine mRNA Using Nonisotopic Multiprobe RNase Protection Assay
The multiprobe ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) is a highly sensitive and specific method for simultaneous detection and quantification of several species of mRNA. Three most distinct advantages of the mult...
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Protocol
Analysis of Cytosolic Proteins that Bind to the 5′ Leader Sequence of the Angiotensin AT1 Receptor by RNA Electromobility Shift Assay
Electromobility shift assays (EMSAs) provide a way to study proteinnucleic acid interactions. This method is based on the observation that the electrophoretic mobility of nucleic acids through polyacrylamide g...
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Protocol
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Against EGF Receptor-Positive Malignancies
The role of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in the survival of cancer cells and their potential use in anticancer therapy has led to their selection as anticancer drug targets. Tyrosine kinases which are being...
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Scanning Low-Frequency Point Mutants in the Mitochondrial Genome Using Constant Denaturant Capillary Electrophoresis
The ability to measure rare mutational events in mitochondrial genomes from human blood and tissues without resorting to phenotypic selection is invaluable. It is essential for the study of the cause(s) of mitoch...
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Protocol
Production and Analysis of Neurospheres from Acutely Dissociated and Postmortem CNS Specimens
For most of the history of neuroscience, it was widely believed, despite isolated reports to the contrary (1), that de novo generation of neurons in the mammalian CNS did not persist past perinatal development. I...
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Protocol
The Blood-CSF Barrier in Culture
The chemical stability of the central nervous system (CNS) is safeguarded by two major barrier systems that separate the systemic circulation from the cerebral compartment. Within the cerebral compartment, the...
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Protocol
Construction of Genomic Libraries in λ-Vectors
Lambda (λ) bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. The genome of λ-phage is a double-stranded DNA molecule approx 50 kb in length (1). In bacterial cells, λ-phage employs one of two pathways...
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Protocol
Opiate Self-Administration
Opiates are powerful analgesics commonly used clinically to relieve pain. However, their repeated administration can lead to the development of drug dependence. During this transition from casual use to abuse,...
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Protocol
RANKL-Mediated Osteoclast Formation from Murine RAW 264.7 Cells
Osteoclasts (OCs) are the cells uniquely responsible for dissolving both the organic and inorganic components of bone during bone development and remodeling throughout life. These cells originate from hematopo...
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Protocol
Ribozymes as Tools for Suppression of G Protein γ Subunits
RNA suppression approaches provide a rapid survey of gene function. Of these approaches (i.e., antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, and RNA interference), ribozymes offer significant advantages by operating ...
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Protocol
Construction of VNP20009
The engineering of tumor-targeting Salmonella strains bearing a high degree of both attenuation and tumor inhibition is a recently developed approach to vector-based treatment of cancer (1,2). Tumor-targeted Salm...
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Protocol
Phosphorylation Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein in Mammalian Cells
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) C gene encodes the core protein and the precore protein. The core protein, also known as the core antigen, is an important serologic marker for HBV infection. Although this protein ...
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Protocol
Mutagen-Induced Chromatid Breakage as a Marker of Cancer Risk
Risk assessment is now recognized as a multidisciplinary process, extending beyond the scope of traditional epidemiologic methodology to include biological evaluation of interindividual differences in carcinog...
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Protocol
Expression of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 in Baculovirus Expression Systems
With the great achievements of recombinant DNA technology, a variety of expression systems, including yeast, baculovirus, adenovirus, and attenuated Salmonella expression systems, have been used for the overex...
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Protocol
Population and Structure Determination of Hidden Folding Intermediates by Native-State Hydrogen Exchange-Directed Protein Engineering and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Structural characterization of folding intermediates has been one of the important steps toward understanding the mechanism of protein folding. However, it has been very difficult to obtain high-resolution str...
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Protocol
Production of Neurospheres from CNS Tissue
The relatively recent discovery of persistent adult neurogenesis has led to the experimental isolation and characterization of central nervous system neural stem cell populations. Protocols for in vitro analys...
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Protocol
Detecting Apoptotic Cells and Monitoring Their Clearance in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Apoptosis is a genetically controlled process of cell suicide that plays an important role in animal development and in maintaining homeostasis. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has proven to be an excellent m...
