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Protocol
Visualization of Cytosolic Galectin Accumulation Around Damaged Vesicles and Organelles
Galectins are animal lectins that recognize β-galactoside and bind glycans. Recent studies have indicated that cytosolic galectins recognize cytosolically exposed glycans and accumulate around endocytic vesicl...
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Protocol
Bioinformatics Tools and Resources for Cancer Immunotherapy Study
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a highly promising approach to treat patients with cancer, as the patient’s own immune system is harnessed to attack cancer cells. However, the application ...
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Protocol
Quantification of miRNAs Co-Immunoprecipitated with Argonaute Proteins Using SYBR Green-Based qRT-PCR
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that trigger post-transcriptional gene silencing. These RNAs need to be associated with the Argonaute proteins to be functional. This assembly begins with loading o...
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Protocol
Recent Protocols on Genetic Transformation of Orchid Species
Gene transfer technology is an important tool for accelerating the process of breeding. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method has been applied to commercial orchid species, such as those in the gen...
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Protocol
Proteomic Characterization of Exosomes from HIV-1-Infected Cells
Proteomics has increasingly become an invaluable tool to characterize proteomes from various subcellular compartments. Here, we describe a quantitative proteomics method using the technique of Stable Isotope L...
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Protocol
Orchids (Oncidium and Phalaenopsis)
This chapter describes an efficient and reproducible method for large-scale propagation of Oncidium and Phalaenopsis protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) using floral stalk sections and seeds, respectively. The propagate...
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Protocol
Transgenesis in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Traditionally, transgenic mice are generated by pronuclear injection of exogenous DNA. This technique has several limitations, including limited control over transgene expression, transgene cytotoxicity, prom...
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Protocol
Methodologies in Assaying Prostate Cancer Stem Cells
The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory posits that only a small population of tumor cells within the tumor has the ability to reinitiate tumor development and is responsible for tumor homeostasis and progression. T...
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Protocol
Orchids (Cymbidium spp., Oncidium, and Phalaenopsis)
Recent advances in genetic engineering have made the transformation and regeneration of plants into a powerful tool for orchid improvement. This chapter presents a simple and reproducible Agrobacterium tumefacien...
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Protocol
Sensitive Detection of SARS Coronavirus RNA by a Novel Asymmetric Multiplex Nested RT-PCR Amplification Coupled With Oligonucleotide Microarray Hybridization
We have developed a sensitive method for the detection of specific genes simultaneously. First, DNA was amplified by a novel asymmetric multiplex PCR with universal primer(s). Second, the 6-carboxytetramethylr...
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Protocol
Monitoring Gene Expression Using DNA Arrays
A single phenotypic change observed during an organism’s growth or adaptation to its environment is usually the result of a coordinated expression of genes ranging from a few to many. Various techniques are in...
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Protocol
Chromatofocusing
Chromatofocusing is a protein-separation technique that was introduced by Sluyterman and his colleagues between 1977 and 1981 (1–5). Chromatofocusing combines the advantage of high-capacity ion-exchange procedure...