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Protocol
Assessing Seed Germination Response of Parasitic Plant Striga hermonthica with Small-Molecule Probes
Seed germination of a parasitic plant Striga hermonthica is elicited by strigolactones which are exuded from roots of host plants. Here, we describe a high-throughput germination assay and a method for visualizin...
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Protocol
Methods to Quantify Cell Division and Hormone Gradients During Root Tropisms
Tropisms are growth-based plant directional movements, allowing plants to respond to their living environments. Plant roots have developed various tropic responses, including gravitropism, hydrotropism, chemot...
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Protocol
Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Soybean Roots Under Salinity by Using the iTRAQ Labeling Approach
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important posttranslational . The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins regulate almost every cellular process, and the understanding of their functions ...
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Protocol
A Method for Extraction and LC-MS-Based Identification of Carotenoid-Derived Dialdehydes in Plants
We developed a chemical derivatization based ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS) analytical method to identify low-abundant and insta...
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Protocol
Genome Editing in Citrus Tree with CRISPR/Cas9
CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely employed to edit genome in most of the organisms, including animal, plant, fungus, and microbe. Here we describe the modification of citrus gene CsLOB1 in transgenic citrus by Cas9/sgR...
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Protocol
Deletion Mutagenesis and Identification of Causative Mutations in Maize
We describe a method for gamma-irradiation of mature maize seeds to generate mutants with opaque endosperm and reduced kernel fill phenotypes. We also describe methods for map** mutants and identifying causa...
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Protocol
Analysis of Peroxisome Biogenesis in Pollen by Confocal Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy
Peroxisome is an essential single-membrane bound organelle in most eukaryotic cells and functions in diverse cellular processes. De novo formation, division, and turnover of peroxisomes contribute to its bioge...
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Protocol
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to Study Histology of Pollen and Pollen Tubes
Here, we describe methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based on conventional chemical fixation and high-pressure freezing (HPF) and freeze-substitution (FS) to examine the ultrastructure of Arabidops...
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Protocol
Inoculation and Scoring Methods for Rice Sheath Blight Disease
Sheath blight disease of rice caused by the soilborne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani has been a major disease of rice with a serious threat to stable rice production worldwide. Although various cultural pract...
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Protocol
Genome-Wide Identification of Transcription Factor-Binding Sites in Plants Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Followed by Microarray (ChIP-chip) or Sequencing (ChIP-seq)
Nearly all signal transduction pathways lead to regulation of gene expression by controlling specific transcription factors (TFs). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a powerful method for studying TF–DNA ...
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Protocol
Manipulating Expression of Tonoplast Transporters
Plant vacuoles have multifaceted roles including turgor maintenance, cytosolic pH and ionic homeostasis, plant protection against environmental stress, detoxification, pigmentation, and cellular signaling. The...
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Protocol
Activation Tagging
Insertional mutagenesis is one of the most effective approaches to determine the function of plant genes. However, due to genetic redundancy, loss-of-function mutations often fail to reveal the function of a m...
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Protocol
An Array Platform for Identification of Stress-Responsive MicroRNAs in Plants
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22-nucleotide (nt)-long non-coding RNAs that play a key role in plant development and abiotic stresses. We have developed a simple but effective array platform for profilin...
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Protocol
Use of Robust-Long Serial Analysis of Gene Expression to Identify Novel Fungal and Plant Genes Involved in Host-Pathogen Interactions
Identification of important transcripts from fungal pathogens and host plants is indispensable for full understanding the molecular events occurring during fungal-plant interactions. Recently, we developed an ...