21 Result(s)
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English
Psychology
Neurosciences
Yi** **
Conference Paper
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Some Perspectives on the Evolution of Intelligence and the Brain
The twin searches for animal intelligence and its neural counterparts have been dominated by a model that predicted a unilinear, hierarchical progression from simpler intellectual abilities to more complex abi...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Risk-benefit Assessment in Animals
How do animals themselves assess risks and benefits attached to the alternatives open to them? The foraging context has been chosen for detailed consideration on account of higher fitness presumed to accrue to...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Social Knowledge in Free-ranging Primates
Assessing an animal’s knowledge requires that the researcher knows the animal’s goals and means at least as well as the animal does. This is more difficult with regard to the animal’s knowledge about his socia...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Internal Representation
In this paper, the issue of representation in cognitive psychology is considered. Emphasis is placed on the internal representation and processing of spatial information. A distinction between “analog” and “no...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Ascent of Apes
Is reasoning a uniquely human ability? This article reviews experiments on reasoning in chimpanzees. In the first series of experiments, a 16 year old female chimpanzee, Sarah, demonstrated the ability to reas...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
On the Evolution of Cognitive Processes and Performances
Scientific work is mainly painstaking, detailed activity devoted to ascertaining, classifying, and securing facts. Yet from time to time our striving for understanding demands that we try to develop a comprehe...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Insect Mind: Physics or Metaphysics?
When we attempt to infer from an animal’s overt behavior whether its brain might be thinking or merely computing, a variety of intuitively suggestive lines of evidence become unreliable. Many behavioral traits...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Neuropsychological Approaches State of the Art Report
What are the critical characteristics of structure, function, and organization that an animal’s brain must possess in order to carry out activities that are undeniably “mental”? Are there particular anatomical...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Afterthoughts on Animal Minds
“The evolutionary continuity of mental experience” is the subtitle of Donald Griffin’s little classic of 1976 on “The question of animal awareness.” The thrust of that subtitle and a major theme of the book is...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Comparative Approaches to Animal Cognition State of the Art Report
Our discussions of animal cognition were strongly influenced by the composition of our group, which ranged over a very broad spectrum from ethology to operant conditioning and cognitive psychology to social ps...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Brain Functions and Mental Processes
Inferences about animal minds have typically been based upon the behavioral repertoire and ecological adaptations of the species in question. Supporting evidence can be obtained from cross-species comparisons ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Mental Processes in the Nonverbal Hemisphere
Studies of patients with unilateral cerebral lesions or with commissurotomy and of normal individuals show that the two sides of the brain are functionally asymmetric. Although the right hemisphere manifests p...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Ecological Conditions of Thinking
In this paper a system of hypotheses is presented about the integration of thinking processes into a general organizational schema of human behavior. The general organizational schema of behavior consists of t...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Primate Social Intelligence: Contributions from the Laboratory
From a functional standpoint, wanting and knowing are the two most fundamental themes in the evolution of behavior. The evolutionary changes that have occurred in the processes subserving wanting and knowing p...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Problem Solving
The empirical investigation on thought process started at the beginning of our century. The research on problem- solving processes originated from approaches of Gestalt psychology and continues at the present ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cognitive Knowledge and Executive Control: Metacognition
The domain of psychological research with regard to metacognition is discussed on the basis of a distinction between declarative and procedural knowledge in information processing systems. According to these t...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Study of Vertebrate Communication — Its Cognitive Implications
Study of communication in animals involves two directions of cognitive implication: cognitive assumptions of the investigator affect how social interaction is perceived and described, hence the selection of fa...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Cognitive Aspects of Ape Language Experiments
Results from the ape language projects can be interpreted as revealing cognitive abilities. Some of the work begins to deal with the issue of meaning. Does the ape use individual lexical items in “word-like,” ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Communication As Evidence of Thinking State of the Art Report
This report examines ways in which studies of animal communication can increase our understanding of animal minds. The report begins by offering working definitions of two particularly difficult concepts, cons...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Evolutionary Ecology of Thinking State of the Art Report
Our group took an initial decision not to discuss the subjective experiences of animals on the grounds that we could see no way of studying them. At first sight, this may seem as though we were avoiding the ce...
