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The World’s Oldest Writing in Mesopotamia and the Japanese Writing System
Agriculture and animal husbandry were first carried out about 8000 BC in Syria-Palestine and northern Mesopotamia, where dry farming was possible....
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Introduction: Why This Volume?
Concerns about climate change have arisen in proportion to the recognized effects of human interaction with the animate and inanimate components of...
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Oxygen Isotope Seasonality Determinations of Marsh Clam Shells from Prehistoric Shell Middens in Nicaragua
Marsh clams (Polymesoda sp.) were an important dietary item for pre-Columbian people living along the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua. Their intensive...
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Biometry and Climate Change in Norse Greenland: The Effect of Climate on the Size and Shape of Domestic Mammals
This paper examines the climatic deterioration occurring in the 14th and 15th Centuries towards the end of the Norse Settlement in Greenland and its...
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Climate Change at the Holocene Thermal Maximum and Its Impact on Wild Game Populations in South Scandinavia
The impact of climate change on wild game populations in South Scandinavia is evaluated based on analysis of faunal remains of red deer, roe deer,...
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Quaternary Mammals, People, and Climate Change: A View from Southern North America
The Pleistocene and modern mammal faunas of southern North America strongly differ in taxonomic makeup, distribution, and physiognomy. The former...
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Early to Middle Holocene Climatic Change and the Use of Animal Resources by Highland Hunter-Gatherers of the South-Central Andes
The goal of this paper is to study the relationship between the use of animal resources by hunter-gatherers and the environmental modification that...
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Holocene Large Mammal Extinctions in Palawan Island, Philippines
Zooarchaeological assemblages from northern Palawan, Philippines document the changing composition of the island’s mammal fauna during the Late...
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Paleoclimatic Changes and Human Cultural Evolution in West Asia
Recent studies of paleoenvironmental changes in and around the Arabian Peninsula have suggested that extremely wet periods occurred during the late...
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Some Observations and Future Directions
At a time of heightened conflict and turmoil in the Middle East, a deeper understanding of the region’s civilizational foundations is both timely and...
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Introduction: The Aim of Study of Ancient West Asian Civilization
This book is the first step towards creating a new discipline, the “Study of West Asian Civilization”. The term “West Asia” is used for the study...
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The Beginnings of Metal Use in West Asia
Metal resources have played an important part in the development of human history. Therefore some periods of our cultural history have been named...
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Geology Based Culture?
Civilization would not have developed without the availability and use of natural resources. Mineral resources generally correspond to underground...
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The Origins of Agriculture
Wheat, barley and legumes constitute a major part of the diet that we consume on a daily basis. However, these crops were not a major food resource...
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Evidence of Changing Climate and Subsistence Strategies Among the Nuu-chah-nulth of Canada’s West Coast
Zooarchaeological data from Canada’s west coast are presented which show a shift from a greater abundance of rockfish (genus Sebastes) during the...
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The Southern Levant During the Last Glacial and Zooarchaeological Evidence for the Effects of Climate-Forcing on Hominin Population Dynamics
Climate forcingClimate forcing has been suggested as a possible explanation for dispersal/extinctionExtinction of hominins in the Southern...
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Human Response to Climate Change in the Northern Adriatic During the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene
ClimateAdriatic and sea levelSea level constrain the abundance of primary producers (plants) and habitat size. These directly affect the seasonal...
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Zooarchaeology in the 21st Century: Comments on the Contributions
In this chapter, I comment on all the papers in this volume. My discussion is organized around cross-cutting themes that appear in different...
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Climatic Changes and Hunter-Gatherer Populations: Archaeozoological Trends in Southern Patagonia
Archaeozoological studies in Patagonia have tended in the past to focus on evidence provided by rock-shelters. However, a regional perspective, such...
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Do Archaeological and Conservation Sciences Save Cultural Heritage?: Cultural Identity and Reviving Values After Demolishment
The conservation of cultural heritage is most challenging. In areas like West Asia where prolonged internal conflict and attacks on tremendously...