207 Result(s)
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Chapter
Unique Features of the Human Sinoatrial Node Structure, Function, and Arrhythmias: Mechanistic Insights from Integrated 3D Map** Approaches
The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the primary pacemaker in mammalian hearts, which generates intrinsic electrical activation to maintain synchronous and rhythmic contractility of the heart. Impairments in SAN struc...
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Brain and Spinal Tumors Originating from the Germ Line Cells
(CNS GCTs) are part of the GCTs in children and adults. This tumor entity presents with geographic variation, age, and sex predilection. There are two age peaks distribution at the first few months of lif...
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HDL and Therapy
A wealth of evidence indicates that high-density lipoprotein assumes the unique antiatherosclerosis and other cardioprotective properties. Based on that, HDL-C has been considered as a promising therapy target...
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Hot and Cold Theory: A Personalized Medicine Approach
The hot and cold theory is an important part of Traditional Medicines (TMs) which can be used in health care, disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment purposes. However, little has been said about the mate...
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Chapter
NMR-Based Metabolomics in Cancer Research
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers reproducible quantitative analysis and structural identification of metabolites in various complex biological samples, such as biofluids (plasma, serum, and...
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Treg Cells and Epigenetic Regulation
The discovery of the epigenetic regulation of Treg cells, a cell population with fundamental immunoregulatory properties, has shed considerable insights into an understanding of the role of these cells in heal...
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Metabolomics of Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Recent metabolomics research has advanced our understanding of the relationship between metabolic rep...
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Chapter
Tregs in Autoimmune Uveitis
Uveitis is a chronic disease with relapsing and remitting ocular attack, which requires corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppression to prevent severe vision loss. Classically, uveitis is referred to an auto...
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Testicular Torsion and Spermatogenesis
Testicular torsion (TT) is a common urologic emergency that can occur at any age. It is most common in newborns and during puberty. Prompt evaluation and management is required to salvage the testis following ...
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Regulatory T Cells for the Induction of Transplantation Tolerance
Organ transplantation is the optimal treatment for terminal and irreversible organ failure. Achieving transplantation tolerance has long been the ultimate goal in the field of transplantation. Regulatory T cel...
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Redox Role of ROS and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), either derived from exogenous sources or overproduced endogenously, can disrupt the body’s antioxidant defenses leading to compromised redox homeostasis. The lungs are highly sus...
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Leydig Cell and Spermatogenesis
Leydig cells of the testis have the capacity to synthesize androgen (mainly testosterone) from cholesterol. Adult Leydig cells are the cell type for the synthesis of testosterone, which is critical for spermat...
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Chapter
Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Coal-burning Type of Endemic Fluorosis
Coal-burning type of endemic fluorosis is an endemic fluorosis unique to China. In addition to the environmental factors, its prevalence and control are closely related to the social and economic development, ...
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Stress and Inflammation
Both stress and inflammatory responses play a key role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. Stress responds to threats while inflammation responds to injury and infection by some physiological mechanisms in...
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Metabolic Choice Tunes Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Function
Metabolic programs and dynamic nutrient signaling can direct cell biological function. Cellular metabolism and biological function are coordinated to cell activity. Regulatory T cells (Foxp3+ Tregs) expressing...
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Autophagy in Cellular Stress Responses
Autophagy is an essential cellular mechanism involving the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic organelles or cytosolic components. Autophagy can be induced by various stress stimuli including oxidative stress...
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Chapter
The Pursuit of Regulatory T Cells in the Induction of Transplant Tolerance
Organ transplantation is a preferred treatment option for patients with end-stage organ failure. However, transplant induces a robust rejection response that necessitates life-long immunosuppression, which oft...
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Chapter
Epidemic Status of Coal-burning Type of Endemic Fluorosis
Fluoride gains its access to human body through digestive and respiratory tracts and then is excreted from kidney and widely found in hard tissues like bones and teeth, which are rich in calcium and phosphorus...
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Chapter
Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS for Metabolomics
Due to the great diversity of chemical and physical properties of metabolites as well as a wide range of concentrations of metabolites present in metabolomic samples, performing comprehensive and quantitative ...
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Chapter
Motor Proteins and Spermatogenesis
Unlike the intermediate filament- and septin-based cytoskeletons which are apolar structures, the microtubule (MT) and actin cytoskeletons are polarized structures in mammalian cells and tissues including the ...
