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Chapter
Chimeric Thoracoacromial Artery Perforator Flap for One-Staged Reconstruction of Complex Pharyngoesophageal Defects
A 52-year-old male was referred for a suspected local recurrence of laryngeal carcinoma. The primary lesion was a T4N2M0 squamous cell carcinoma treated by the referring hospital with prior laryngectomy with b...
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Chapter
Thinned Perforator Flaps
Bulky flaps cause aesthetically unacceptable outcomes and result in poor function in areas such as the feet, the hands, the face, and the neck. A thinned perforator flap suggests a uniformly thin adipose layer...
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Flow-Through Perforator Flaps
The concept of a flow-through flap, in which both the proximal and the distal ends of the vascular pedicle of a free flap are anastamosed to provide blood flow to distal tissues, was first described by Soutar ...
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Lateral Arm Perforator Flap
The lateral arm flap was first described by Song et al. in 1982 [1].
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Ulnar Artery Perforator Flap
Lovie et al. [1] originally described the ulnar artery forearm flap as a free flap in 1984.
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Posterolateral Mid-Forearm Perforator Flap
Zheng and Lin reported the anatomical basis and clinical application of posterolateral mid-forearm perforator flap [1, 2].
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Dorso-ulnar Metacarpal Perforator Flap of the Little Finger
In hand surgery, several vascular pedicled island flaps taken from the dorsal skin of the hand and forearm are available for reconstruction of hands and fingers [1–4].
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Chapter
Perforator Flaps in the Lateral Thoracic Region
Cutaneous branches from the thoracodorsal and lateral thoracic arteries were first mentioned by de Coninck et al., and the flaps based on these arteries have been known as thoracodorsal skin flaps, thoracodors...
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Saphenous Artery Perforator Flap
In 1981, an international group of surgeons under the direction of Acland published their work on the “saphenous flap” [1–3].
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Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Flap
When Song et al. published their paper in 1984 on the thigh as a donor site for three new flaps with the anterolateral thigh, they closely fulfilled all the characteristics of a perforator flap [1].
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Chapter
Anterior Tibial Artery Perforator Flap
The anterior tibial artery perforator (ATAP) flap is vascularized by perforators of the anterior tibial artery and has been reported by several authors [1–6].
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Chapter
Peroneal Artery Perforator Flap
In 1983, Donski and Fogdestam first described a distally perforator-based sural fasciocutaneous flap for heel coverage. The flap was based on perforating branches from the posterolateral septum issued from the...
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Chapter
A Brief History of Perforator Flaps
Flap, or surgical flap in MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), is defined as a viable tissue block that has its own circulatory system and can survive independently by itself. If the tissue block has cutaneous tis...
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Chapter
Peroneal Artery Anterolateral Supramalleolar Flap
The distally based lateral supramalleolar flap, nourished by the supramalleolar anterior perforating branch of the peroneal artery, was firstly reported by Masquelet in 1988. The flap was then modified by othe...
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Chapter
Intraoperative Techniques in Perforator Dissection
In a selected donor site, raising a perforator flap entails: (1) localization of skin perforators using the handheld Doppler and (2) raising the flap by performing retrograde dissection from the perforator to ...
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Medial Supramalleolar Perforator Flap
The medial supramalleolar perforator flap has proved an excellent option for the coverage of soft tissue defects in the lower third of the leg, ankle, and foot [1–6].
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Combined Perforator Flaps
There are five terms used by Hallock to name those complex flaps.
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Medial Arm Perforator Flap
The reverse medial arm island flap is a local fasciocutaneous flap based on the recurrent ulnar artery [1].
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Chapter
Radial Artery Perforator Flap
The reverse-flow radial forearm (Chinese) island flap is based on a distal vascular pedicle consisting of the radial artery and its venae comitantes. The advantages of using this pedicled flap for hand reconst...
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Chapter
Posterior Interosseous Artery Perforator Flap
The posterior interosseous artery flap was firstly introduced by Zancolli and Angrigiani [1] and Penteado et al. [2].