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Article
A late-Ediacaran crown-group sponge animal
Sponges are the most basal metazoan phylum1 and may have played important roles in modulating the redox architecture of Neoproterozoic oceans2. Although molecular clocks predict that sponges diverged in the Neopr...
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Article
Open AccessGas therapy potentiates aggregation-induced emission luminogen-based photoimmunotherapy of poorly immunogenic tumors through cGAS-STING pathway activation
The immunologically “cold” microenvironment of triple negative breast cancer results in resistance to current immunotherapy. Here, we reveal the immunoadjuvant property of gas therapy with cyclic GMP-AMP synth...
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Article
Open AccessCryptic terrestrial fungus-like fossils of the early Ediacaran Period
The colonization of land by fungi had a significant impact on the terrestrial ecosystem and biogeochemical cycles on Earth surface systems. Although fungi may have diverged ~1500–900 million years ago (Ma) or ...
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Article
Open AccessSpiculogenesis and biomineralization in early sponge animals
Most sponges have biomineralized spicules. Molecular clocks indicate sponge classes diverged in the Cryogenian, but the oldest spicules are Cambrian in age. Therefore, sponges either evolved spiculogenesis lon...
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Article
Open AccessLength effects on the dynamic process of cellular uptake and exocytosis of single-walled carbon nanotubes in murine macrophage cells
Cellular uptake and exocytosis of SWCNTs are fundamental processes determining their intracellular concentration and effects. Despite the great potential of acid-oxidized SWCNTs in biomedical field, understand...
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Article
Open AccessEcological impact of a secondary bacterial symbiont on the clones of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Many insects harbor heritable endosymbionts, whether obligatory or facultative, and the role of facultative endosymbionts in sha** the phenotype of these species has become increasingly important. However, l...
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Article
Open AccessDish layouts analysis method for concentrative solar power plant
Designs leading to maximize the use of sun radiation of a given reflective area without increasing the expense on investment are important to solar power plants construction. We here provide a method that allo...
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Article
Open AccessArmored kinorhynch-like scalidophoran animals from the early Cambrian
Morphology-based phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of the Scalidophora (Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Priapulida) and Nematoida (Nematoda, Nematomorpha), together constituting the monophyletic Cycloneural...
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Article
Open AccessThe Lantian biota: A new window onto the origin and early evolution of multicellular organisms
The Lantian biota at the Lantian Town of **uning County, Anhui Province, is preserved in black shales of the Ediacaran Lantian Formation. It yields some of the oldest known complex macroorganisms, including fa...