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Protocol
ENU-Based Phenotype-Driven Screening
Deciphering the contribution of individual genes and in turn pathways to cellular processes can be complicated and is often based on prior knowledge or assumptions of gene function. Phenotype-driven mutagenes...
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Protocol
Analysis of Chloroplast Movement and Relocation in Arabidopsis
Chloroplast photorelocation movement is essential for the sessile plant survival and plays a role for efficient photosynthesis and avoiding photodamage of chloroplasts. There are several ways to observe or det...
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Protocol
Identification of Virus Encoding MicroRNAs Using 454 FLX Sequencing Platform
MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules that play a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Most large double-stranded DNA viruses, mainly the herpesv...
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Protocol
Transforming Growth Factor Beta
Malignant tumors have been known for many years to release proteins or polypeptides into the circulation (for review, see ref. 1). Some of these molecules have biol...
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Protocol
In Situ Hybridization to RNA in Whole Arabidopsis Plants
Abstract The importance of determining spatial distribution and expression of biomolecules in living organisms has been increasingly recognized because of the relevance to biological function. High resolution ...
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Protocol
In Situ Hybridization of Chromosomes
This technique allows specific DNA sequences to be directly localized on chromosomes. The probe DNA is labeled by one of several methods that are described in this chapter. The labeled DNA is then applied onto...