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Chapter
The Diagnosis of Idiopathic “Normal Pressure” Hydrocephalus: Clinical features, CT and epidural pressure recording
The decision on further diagnostic and therapeutic measures in an elder patient (more than 55 years) presenting with gait disturbance, incontinence and mental dysfunction who had no preconditioning illness suc...
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Article
Complications of laparoscopic herniorrhaphy
Anterior inguinal hernia repair is the second-most-commonly performed abdominal operation and has been associated with low morbidity and mortality rates. The principle of laparoscopy has been applied to this s...
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Article
Voice recognition—An emerging necessity within radiology: Experiences of the Massachusetts General Hospital
Voice recognition represents a technology that is finally ready for prime time use. As radiology services continue to acquire a larger percentage of the shrinking health-care dollar, decreasing operating costs...
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Article
Perspective: cartilage toxicity from local anesthetics
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Article
Thoracoscopic treatment for single level symptomatic thoracic disc herniation: a prospective followed cohort study in a group of 167 consecutive cases
Thoracic disc disease with radicular pain and myelopathic symptoms can have serious neurological sequelae. The authors present a relevant treatment option.
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Article
Change of editors
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Book
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Chapter
Rational Numbers and Irrational Numbers
The “rational numbers” are the fractions; we discuss their basic properties in this chapter. We also show that there are distances that are not rational numbers, which are called “irrational numbers”. In parti...
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Chapter
Introduction to the Natural Numbers
We describe the basic properties of the natural numbers; that is, the numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6 and so on. We prove that there is no largest prime number, and discuss two famous unsolved problems.
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Chapter
Modular Arithmetic
Modular arithmetic is a way of studying divisibility properties of natural numbers. It provides techniques for quickly answering questions such as whether 3 plus 2 to the power 3,000,005 is divisible by 7. Mor...
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Chapter
Fermat’s Theorem and Wilson’s Theorem
Fermat’s Theorem states that, for every prime number p, if p does not divide the natural number a, then a to the power p − 1 leaves a remainder of 1 upon division by p. This beautiful theorem has a number of impo...
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Chapter
Fundamentals of Euclidean Plane Geometry
We describe the fundamentals of Euclidean geometry of the plane. We develop the concepts of congruence and similarity of triangles, and, in particular, prove that corresponding sides of similar triangles are i...
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Chapter
Mathematical Induction
Mathematical induction is a technique that is useful in proving many theorems. We describe this technique in detail and give a number of applications of it.
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Chapter
The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic is the assertion that every natural number greater than 1 can be uniquely (up to the order of the factors) factored into a product of prime numbers. We present a very beau...
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Chapter
Sending and Receiving Secret Messages
We describe the RSA method for sending secret messages. This remarkable method allows a person who wishes to receive messages to announce to the world how messages are to be sent and, nonetheless, be the only ...
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Chapter
Sizes of Infinite Sets
How many natural numbers are there? How many even natural numbers are there? How many odd natural numbers are there? How many rational numbers are there? How many real numbers are there? How many points are th...
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Chapter
Constructability
We investigate the question of what geometric figures can be constructed using only a straightedge and compass. It is easily shown that angles such as those of 60 degrees, 45 degrees, and 30 degrees are all co...
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Chapter
The Euclidean Algorithm and Applications
We describe the Euclidean Algorithm, a way of expressing the greatest common divisor of two natural numbers as a “linear combination” of the numbers. This algorithm has a number of important applications, incl...
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Chapter
The Complex Numbers
For example, the polynomial x 2 + 1 does not have any real roots. A new number, called i, is introduced as a root of that polynomial. The complex numbers are all the numbers of the form a + bi where...
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Article
Victims of Seductive and Unfortunate Lives: Jewish Suicide in Interwar Poland
Amid the acrimonious debates over national identity, the proper political solution to the “Jewish Question,” and linguistic primacy, the Jews of interwar Poland were also gripped by panic over rising rates of ...