In-Gel N-Acetylation for the Quantification of the Degree of Protein In Vivo N-Terminal Acetylation

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Protein Acetylation

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 981))

Abstract

Maturation of protein N-termini occurs in all kingdoms of life, with major protein modifications being proteolytic processing (e.g., removal of initiator methionines) and N-terminal acetylation. The functional consequences of these modifications are only known for a few substrates, and techniques to study such modifications have begun to emerge only recently. We here report on a method enabling targeted, mass spectrometry based analysis of protein N-termini from polyacrylamide gel-separated proteins. In our method, stable isotope incorporation by in-gel N-acetylation of free primary amines permits calculating the extent of in vivo N-terminal acetylation, proven to reveal crucial information with reference to N-terminal protein biology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Polevoda B, Arnesen T, Sherman F (2009) A synopsis of eukaryotic Nalpha-terminal acetyltransferases: nomenclature, subunits and substrates. BMC Proc 3(Suppl 6):S2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Aivaliotis M, Gevaert K, Falb M, Tebbe A, Konstantinidis K, Bisle B, Klein C, Martens L, Staes A, Timmerman E et al (2007) Large-scale identification of N-terminal peptides in the halophilic archaea Halobacterium salinarum and Natronomonas pharaonis. J Proteome Res 6:2195–2204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Arnesen T, Van Damme P, Polevoda B, Helsens K, Evjenth R, Colaert N, Varhaug JE, Vandekerckhove J, Lillehaug JR, Sherman F et al (2009) Proteomics analyses reveal the evolutionary conservation and divergence of N-terminal acetyltransferases from yeast and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:8157–8162

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Goetze S, Qeli E, Mosimann C, Staes A, Gerrits B, Roschitzki B, Mohanty S, Niederer EM, Laczko E, Timmerman E et al (2009) Identification and functional characterization of N-terminally acetylated proteins in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Biol 7:e1000236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Helbig AO, Rosati S, Pijnappel PW, van Breukelen B, Timmers MH, Mohammed S, Slijper M, Heck AJ (2010) Perturbation of the yeast N-acetyltransferase NatB induces elevation of protein phosphorylation levels. BMC Genomics 11:685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hwang CS, Shemorry A, Varshavsky A (2010) N-terminal acetylation of cellular proteins creates specific degradation signals. Science 327:973–977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Staes A, Van Damme P, Helsens K, Demol H, Vandekerckhove J, Gevaert K (2008) Improved recovery of proteome-informative, protein N-terminal peptides by combined fractional diagonal chromatography (COFRADIC). Proteomics 8:1362–1370

    Google Scholar 

  8. Arnesen T, Starheim KK, Van Damme P, Evjenth R, Dinh H, Betts MJ, Ryningen A, Vandekerckhove J, Gevaert K, Anderson D (2010) The chaperone-like protein HYPK acts together with NatA in cotranslational N-terminal acetylation and prevention of Huntingtin aggregation. Mol Cell Biol 30: 1898–1909

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ong SE, Blagoev B, Kratchmarova I, Kristensen DB, Steen H, Pandey A, Mann M (2002) Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, SILAC, as a simple and accurate approach to expression proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 1:376–386

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Han JC, Han GY (1994) A procedure for quantitative determination of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, an odorless reducing agent more stable and effective than dithiothreitol. Anal Biochem 220:5–10

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

P.V.D. is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen). T.A. is supported by the Norwegian Research Council (Grant 197136) and the Norwegian Cancer Society. K.G. acknowledges support of research grants from the Fund for Scientific Research—Flanders (Belgium) (project numbers G.0042.07 and G.0440.10), the Concerted Research Actions (project BOF07/GOA/012) from the Ghent University and the Inter University Attraction Poles (IUAP06).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Van Damme, P., Arnesen, T., Ruttens, B., Gevaert, K. (2013). In-Gel N-Acetylation for the Quantification of the Degree of Protein In Vivo N-Terminal Acetylation. In: Hake, S., Janzen, C. (eds) Protein Acetylation. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 981. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-305-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-305-3_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-304-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-305-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation