Abstract
It is a critical, if somewhat dated, commonplace to fault Dickens’s characterizations as two-dimensional and to note that this two-dimensionality is most obvious in his conventional portrayals of ideal young men and women. His ideal women are small, docile and domestic; his ideal young men earnest, industrious and strong, or so the stereotype goes.1 Both types of characterization reflect the separate spheres of men and women brought about by the Industrial Revolution and codified in conduct books by Sarah Ellis, Sarah Lewes, Isabella Beeton and others. In Dickens’s characterizations, those who stray from the ideals can become the butts of comedy or criticism or both. But social histories and literary studies of the past ten to fifteen years have increasingly questioned how widely accepted the gender ideals were and just how separate the ‘separate spheres’ of men and women. In addition, recent Dickens criticism increasingly questions long-standing assumptions about Dickens’s gender characterizations. Catherine Waters, Natalie Cole, Lyn Pykett and others have shown that in Dickens, as in real life, gender is almost always more complicated than a simple binary system.2 Throughout his career, and increasingly toward the end, Dickens questioned the very gender norms that he himself had helped to establish. In particular, Dickens undermines rigid gender divisions through male characters who embody the feminine ideal of a warm, affectionate nurturer, and sometimes even display the physical frailty and unfitness for the professional world typically associated with Victorian concepts of women.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Sarah Stickney Ellis, The Women of England: Their Social Duties and Domestic Habits ( New York: J. & H. G. Langley, 1843 ), p. 9.
Sarah Lewis, Woman’s Mission (Boston: William Crosby & Co., 1840), p. 9, p. 11.
Sarah Stickney Ellis, The Mothers of England: Their Influence and Responsibility ( New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1844 ), p. 66.
H. Sussman, Victorian Masculinities: Manhood and Masculine Poetics in Early Victorian Literature and Art (Cambridge University Press, 1995), p. 4.
M. Roper and J. Tosh, Manful Assertions: Masculinities in Britain since 1800 (New York: Routledge, 1991), pp. 16– 17.
John Tosh, A Man’s Place: Masculinity and the Middle Class Home in Victorian England (New Haven: Yale, 1999), p. 1, p. 7.
Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, ed. Mark Ford (New York: Penguin, 2003), pp. 715–717.
Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol (New York: Penguin, 2003), pp. 105–106.
Charles Dickens, Bleak House (New York: Penguin, 2003), p. 341, p, 392, p, 422.
Charles Dickens, Little Dorrit (New York: Penguin, 2003), p. 66. Subsequent references are given in the text, in the form (LD: 66).
Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend ( New York: Penguin, 1997 ), p. 218.
Peter Ackroyd, Dickens ( New York: HarperCollins, 1991 ), p. 818.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2015 Natalie McKnight
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mcknight, N. (2015). Dickens and Masculinity: The Necessity of the Nurturing Male. In: Mallett, P. (eds) The Victorian Novel and Masculinity. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137491541_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137491541_3
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-32313-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-49154-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Literature CollectionLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)