Abstract
Pre-chamber combustion systems combined with bio-hybrid fuels allow for an efficiency increase of internal combustion engines and a reduction of engine-out emissions. Experimental and numerical investigations are required to understand the combustion process and in particular the phenomena inside the pre-chamber. To this end, this study presents experimental investigations of an active pre-chamber combustion system in generic optical experiments and on a thermodynamic single-cylinder research engine. Moreover, the generic experiments are accompanied with large-eddy simulations of the single-cylinder flow field. Additional optical experiments on a rapid compression machine provide insights into both the ignition inside the pre-chamber and the subsequent combustion in the main chamber (MC) by use of the bio-hybrid fuels DEM and ethyl acetate. These fuels were also investigated on the thermodynamic single-cylinder research engine. A maximum indicated efficiency of 43% is achieved at an engine speed of 2000 1/min, an indicated mean effective pressure of 6 bar, and a relative air/fuel ratio of 2.2. A maximum relative air/fuel ratio of 2.25 is realized in the same operating point. In ongoing research, numerical investigations of the mixture behavior after the direct fuel injection will contribute to the understanding of the combustion process in the thermodynamic single-cylinder research engine. Moreover, the findings from the numerical investigations will be validated with those of a motored optically accessible single-cylinder research engine.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—Cluster of Excellence 2186 “The Fuel Science Center” -ID: 390919832.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Gauss Centre for Super-computing e.V. (www.gauss-centre.eu) for granting computing time on the GCS Supercomputer HAWK at Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart (www.hlrs.de).
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Burkardt, P. et al. (2022). On the Use of Active Pre-chambers and Bio-hybrid Fuels in Internal Combustion Engines. In: Kalghatgi, G., Agarwal, A.K., Leach, F., Senecal, K. (eds) Engines and Fuels for Future Transport. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8717-4_9
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