Samenvatting
Langdurige slapeloosheid wordt in stand gehouden en verergerd door een vicieuze cirkel van denken, voelen en doen. Er zijn verschillende, onderling samenhangende factoren te onderscheiden. Zo kan de slaapomgeving en het in bed liggen door inadequate gewoontes geassocieerd zijn geraakt met activiteit. Ook de mate en verdeling van activiteit overdag heeft invloed op de nacht. Piekeren is een vorm van cognitieve hyperarousal die veel voorkomt bij mensen met langdurige slapeloosheid. Verder kan het zo zijn dat men inspanning levert om te slapen, wat averechts werkt. Het gebruik van slaapmedicatie is een van de manieren waarop men probeert slaap af te dwingen. Uit onderzoek blijkt verder dat mensen met slapeloosheid vaak hun totale slaapduur onderschatten, wat in wisselwerking staat met overmatige aandacht voor de slaap. Disfunctionele ideeën over slapen, vermoeidheid en functioneren leveren eveneens een bijdrage aan de vicieuze cirkel. Al deze factoren kunnen apart worden aangepakt met een combinatie van therapeutische gereedschappen.
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Ensing, I.M. (2024). De vicieuze cirkel doorbreken. In: Praktijkboek slapeloosheid in de ggz. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2950-2_5
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