SpringerLink
Log in

Proteins and Protein Activities in Endomycorrhizal Symbioses

  • Chapter
Mycorrhiza

  • 586 Accesses

Abstract

Very little is as yet known of the molecular processes which determine the functional integration between symbionts in endomycorrhizal associations. The fact that, on the one hand, the obligate fungal biotrophs forming arbuscular endomycorrhiza (AM) cannot be maintained in pure culture without the host plant and that, on the other, ericoid or orchid endomycorrhiza have received relatively little attention, has retarded research advances in several domains, and in particular those concerning fungal identification in planta, the molecular basis of compatible interactions and determination of functional symbioses in situ. However, increasing information is being obtained using approaches that are based on the analysis of expressed genes or on metabolic activities of either symbiont in isolation or together. Proteins are key molecules in cellular metabolism and their most well known physiological function is their role as enzymes. The aim of this presentation is not to give an exhaustive review on proteins and gene expression in endomycorrhizal symbionts (see Gianinazzi-Pearson and Smith 1993; Gianinazzi-Pearson 1996 for this), but rather to discuss what their contribution may be to symbiont compatibility, and their role as potential tools for identifying the fungal partner or the functional state of the symbiosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

eBook
EUR 9.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdel-Fattah GM (1991) Some ecological and physiological studies on vesiculararbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi. Thesis, Mansoura University, Egypt, 202 pages

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexander D, Goodman RM, Gut-Rella M, Glascock C, Weymann K, Friedrich L, Maddox D, Ahl-Goy P, Luntz T, Ward E, Ryals J (1993) Increased tolerance to two oomycete pathogens in transgenic tobacco expressing pathogenesis-related protein la. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 7327–7331

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barroso J, Pias MS (1990) Nuclear features in infected roots of Ophrys lutea Cay. ( Orchidaceae ). New Phytol 115: 93–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Berta G, Sgorbati S, Giaccone P, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1992) Nuclear morphology and ploidy level in infected and uninfected hair root cells of Calluna vulgaris and Vaccinium myrtillus mycorrhizae. Protoplasma 170: 160–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berta G, Sgorbati S, Soler V, Fusconi A, Trotta A, Citterio A, Bottone MG, Sparvoli E, Scannerini S (1990) Variations in chromatin density in host nuclei of a vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza. New Phytol 114: 199–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blee KA, Anderson AJ (1996) Defense-related transcript accumulation in Phaseolus vulgaris L. colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenk and Smith. Plant Physiol 110: 675–688

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonfante-Fasolo P, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1982) Ultrastructural aspects of endomycorrhiza in the Ericaceae III Morphology of the dissociated symbionts and modifications occurring during their reassociation in axenic culture. New Phytol 91: 691–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonfante-Fasolo P, Vian B, Perotto S, Faccio A, Knox JP (1990) Cellulose and pectin localization in roots of mycorrhizal Allium porrum: labelling continuity between host cell wall and interfacial material. Planta 180: 537–547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Capaccio LCM, Callow JA (1982) The enzymes of polyphosphate metabolism in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas. New Phytol 91: 81–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cervone F, Castoria R, Spanu P, Bonfante-Fasolo P (1988) Pectinolytic activity in some ericoid mycorrhizal fungi. Trans Brit Mycol Soc 91: 537–539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daniels BA, Menge JA (1980) Hyperparasitzation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Phytopathol 70: 584–588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dassi B, Dumas-Gaudot E, Asselin A, Richard C, Gianinazzi S (1996) Chitinase and ß1,3-glucanase isoforms in pea roots inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal or pathogenic fungi. Eur J Plant Pathol 102: 105–108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dehne HW, Schînbeck F (1979) Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der endotrophen Myorrhiza auf Pflanzenkrankheiten 2 Phenolstoffwechsel and Lignifizierung. Phytopathol Z 95: 210–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dehne HW, Schînbeck F, Baltruschat H (1978) Unter suchungen zum Einfluss der endotrophen Mycorrhiza auf Planzenkrankheiten 3 Chitinase Aktivat und Ornithinzyklus. Z Planzenkr Planzenschutz 85: 666–678

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dexheimer J, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1979) Ultrastructural cytochemistry of the host-fungus interfaces in the endomycorrhizal association Glomus mosseae/ Allium cepa. Z Pflanzenphysiol 92: 191–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Dexheimer J, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Marx C (1982) Rôle possible de la vacuole du champignon symbiotique des mycorhizes VA dans la nutrition des plantes. Actual Bot 3: 29–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodd JC, Rosendahl S, Giovannetti M, Broome A, Lanfranco A, Walker C (1996) Inter-and intraspecific variation within the morphologically similar arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus coronatum. New Phytol 133: 113122

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas E, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1989) Production of new soluble proteins during VA endomycorrhiza formation. Agric Ecosystems Environ 29: 111114

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas E, Tahiri-Alaoui A, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1990) Observations on modifications in gene expression with VA mycorrhiza development in tobacco: qualitative and quantitative changes in protein profiles. In: Nardon P, GianinazziPearson V, Grenier AM, Margulis L, Smith DC (eds) Endocytobiology IV, INRA Editions, Paris, pp 153–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot E, Furlan V, Grenier J, Asselin A (1992a) New acidic chitinase isoforms induced in tobacco roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhiza 1: 133–136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot E, Grenier J, Furlan V, Asselin A (1992b) Chitinase, chitosanase and ß-1,3-glucanase activities in Allium and Pisum roots colonized by Glomus species. Plant Sci 84: 17–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot E, Asselin A, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gollotte A, Gianinazzi S (1994a) Chitinase isoforms in roots of various pea genotypes infected with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Sci 99: 27–37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot E, Guillaume P, Tahiri-Alaoui A, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1994b) Changes in polypeptide patterns in tobacco roots colonized by two Glomus species. Mycorrhiza 4: 215–221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumas-Gaudot E, Samra A, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1998) Untargeted approaches to the analysis of gene expression in arbuscular mycorrhiza: analysis of polypeptides (in vivo and in vitro) and of translated mRNA products. In: Varma A (ed) Laboratory Manual Mycorrhiza, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York 311–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Garrido JM, Toro N, Ocampo JA (1993) Presence of specific polypeptides in onion roots colonized by Glomus mosseae. Mycorrhiza 2: 175–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Garrido JM, Garcia Romera I, Ocampo JA (1992) Cellulase production by the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe. New Phytol 121: 221–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Romera I, Garcia Garrido JM, Ocampo JM (1991a) Pectolytic enzymes in the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. FEMS Microbiol Letters 78: 343–346

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Romera I, Garcia-Garrido JM, Ocampo JA (1991b) Pectinase activity in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza during colonization of lettuce. Symbiosis 12: 189–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Gay JL (1984) Mechanisms of biotrophy in fungal pathogens. In: Wood RKS, Jellis GJ (eds) Plant Diseases: Infection, Damage and Loss. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp 49–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehlert R, Kindl H (1991) Induced formation of dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyl synthase upon destruction of orchid mycorrhiza. Phytochemistry 30: 457–460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi S (1984) Genetic and molecular aspects of resistance induced by infection or chemicals. In: Nester T, Kosuge EW (eds) Plant Microbe Interactions, Vol 1. MacMillan, New York, pp 321–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi S (1990) Vesicular-arbuscular (endo-) mycorrhizas: cellular, biochemical and genetic aspects. Agric Ecosystems Environ 35: 105–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Dexheimer J (1979) Enzymatic studies on the metabolism of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza III Ultrastructural localization of acid and alkaline phosphatase in onion roots infected by Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd. ). New Phytol 82: 127–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Tisserant B, Lemoine MC (1992) Protein activities as potential markers of functional endomycorrhizas in plants. In: Read DJ, Lewis DH, Fitter AH, Alexander IJ (eds) Mycorrhizas in ecosystems. CAB International, Oxon, pp 333–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Franken P, Dumas-Gaudot E, Tuinen Van D, Samra A, Martin-Laurent F, Dassi B (1995) Molecules and genes involved in mycorrhiza functioning. In: Stocchi V, Bonfante P, Nuti M (eds) Biotechnology of Ectomycorrhizae, Plenum Press, New York and London, pp 67–76

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1984) Host-fungus specificity, recognition and compatibility in mycorrhizae. In: Verma DPS, Hohn T (eds) Genes Involved in Plant-Microbe Interactions, Plant Gene Research III. Springer Verlag, Vienna, pp 225–253

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1996) Plant cell responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: getting to the roots of the symbiosis. Plant Cell 8: 1871–1883

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1978) Enzymatic studies on the metabolism of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza II Soluble alkaline phosphatase specific to mycorrhizal infection in onion roots. Physiol Plant Pathol 12: 45–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1983) The physiology of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal roots. Plant Soil 71: 197–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1989) Phosphorus metabolism in mycorrhizas. In: Boddy L, Marchant R, Read DJ (eds) Nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur utilization by fungi. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 227–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Smith SE (1993) Physiology of mycorrhizal mycelia. Adv Plant Pathol 9: 55–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Dexheimer J, Bertheau Y, Asimi S (1978) Les phosphates alcalines dans làssociation endomycorhizienne a vesicules et arbuscules. Physiol Veg 16: 671–678

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Morandi D, Dexheimer J, Gianinazzi S (1981) Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical features of a Glomus tenuis Mycorrhiza. New Phytol 88: 633–639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Dexheimer J, Gianinazzi S, Jeanmaire C (1984) Plasmalemma structure and function in endomycorrhizal symbioses. Z Pflanzenphysiol 114: 201–205

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Bonfante-Fasolo P, Dexheimer J (1986) Ultrastructural studies of surface interactions during adhesion and infection by ericoid endomycorrhizal fungi. NATO-ASI Series H, Vol 4: 273–282

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Brewin NJ (1990) Immunocytochemical localisation of antigenic sites in the perisymbiotic membrane of endomycorrhiza using monoclonal antibodies reacting against the peribacteroid membrane of nodules. In: Nardon P, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Grenier AM, Margulis L, Smith DC (eds) Endocytobiology IV. INRA Press, Paris, pp 127–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Smith SE, Gianinazzi S, Smith FA (1991) Enzymatic studies on the metabolism of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas V Is H+ATPase a component of ATP-hydrolysing enzyme activities in plant-fungus interfaces? New Phytol 117: 61–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Tahiri-Alaoui A, Antonw JF, Gianinazzi S, Dumas-Gaudot E (1992) Weak expression of the pathogenesis-related PR-bl gene and localization of related protein during symbiotic endomycorrhizal interactions in tobacco roots. Endocytob Cell Res 8: 177–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Dumas-Gaudot E, Gollotte A, Tahiri-Alaoui A, Gianinazzi S (1996) Cellular and molecular defence-related root responses to invasion by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol 113: 45–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gollotte A, Lherminier J, Tisserant B, Franken P, DumasGaudot E, Lemoine MC, Van Tuinen D, Gianinazzi S (1995) Cellular and molecular approaches in the characterization of symbiotic events in functional arbuscular mycorrhizal associations. Can J Bot 73: S526–532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gollotte A, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1994) Etude immunocytochimique des interfaces plante-champignon endomycorhizen à arbuscules chez des pois isogeniques myc+ ou résistant à l’endomycorhization (myc). Acta Botanica Gallica 141: 449–454

    Google Scholar 

  • Gollote A, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1995) Immunodetection of infection thread glycoprotein and arabinogalactan protein in wild type Pisum sativum ( L.) or an isogenic mycorrhiza-resistant mutant interacting with Glomus mosseae. Symbiosis 18: 69–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Giovannetti M, Lioi L (1990) Variation of electrophoretic patterns in proteins of VAM fungi chlamydospores. Abstracts of 4th International Mycological Congress, Regensburg, RFA, pp 323

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham TL, Graham MY (1991) Cellular coordination of molecular responses in plant defense. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 4: 415–422

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guillemin JP, Abdel-Fattah GM, Trouvelot A, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1993) Interactions between soil-applied fungicides, endomycorrhiza fungal activity and plant growth. Soil Sci trends Agric Sci 1: 161–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison MJ, Dixon RA (1994) Spatial patterns of expression of flavonoid/isoflavonoid pathway genes during interactions between roots of Medicago truncatula and the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus versiforme. Plant J 6: 9–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hepper CM, Sen R, Maskall CS (1986) Identification of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of leek (Allium porrum L) and maize (Zea mays L) on the basis of enzyme mobility during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. New Phytol 102: 529–539

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hepper CM, Azcon-Aguilar C, Rosendahl S, Sen R (1988) Competition between three species of Glomus used as spatially separated introduced and indigenous inocula for leek (Allium porrum L). New Phytol 110: 207–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacquelinet-Jeanmougin S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1987) Endomycorrhizas in the Gentianaceae II Ultrastructural aspects of symbiont relationships in Gentiana lutea. Symbiosis 3: 269–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeanmaire C, Dexheimer J, Marx C, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1985) Effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection on the distribution of neutral phosphatase activities in root cortical cells. J Plant Physiol 119: 285–293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kough JKL, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1986) Physiological aspects of VA mycorrhizal hyphae in root tissue and soil. In: Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (eds) Physiological and genetical aspects of mycorrhizae. INRA Editions, Paris, pp 223–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Kough JKL, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1987) Depressed metabolic activity of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi after fungicide application. New Phytol 106: 707–715

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lambais MR, Mehdy MC (1993) Suppression of endochitinase, ß-1,3-endoglucanase and chalcone isomerase expression in bean vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal roots under different soil phosphate conditions. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 6: 75–83

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leake JR (1992) The role of ericoid mycorrhizas in the nitrogen nutrition and ecology of heathland systems. In: Read DJ, Lewis DH, Fitter AH, Alexander IJ (eds) Mycorrhizas in ecosystems. CAB International, Oxon, pp 227–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Lei J, Bécard G, Catford JG, Piché Y (1991) Root factors stimulate 32P uptake and plasmalemma ATPase activity in a vesicular-arbuscular fungus, Gigaspora margarita. New Phytol 118: 289–294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemoine MC, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Straker CJ (1992) Occurrence and expression of acid phosphatase of Hymenoscyphus ericae ( Read) Korf and Kernan, in isolation or in association with plant roots. Mycorrhiza 1: 137–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx C, Dexheimer J, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1982) Enzymatic studies on the metabolism of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza IV Ultracytoenzymological evidence ( ATPase) for active transfer processus in the host-arbuscule interface. New Phytol 90: 37–43

    Google Scholar 

  • McArthur DAJ, Knowles NR (1993) Influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the response of potato to phosphorus deficiency. Plant Physiol 101: 147–160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ocampo JA, Barea JM (1985) Effect of carbamate herbicides on VA mycorrhizal infection and plant growth. Plant Soil 85: 375–383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier B, Bertheau Y, Diem HG, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1983) Influence de la variété de Vigna unguiculata dans l’expression de trois associations endomycorhizienns à vésicules et arbuscules. Can J Bot 61: 354–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson V, Read DJ (1975) The physiology of the mycorrhizal endophyte of Calluna vulgaris L. Hull. Trans Brit Mycol Soc 64: 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Peretto R, Bettini V, Favaron F, Alghisi P, Bonfante P (1995) Polygalacturonase activity and location in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots of Allium porrum L. Mycorrhiza 5: 157–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perotto S, Brewin NJ, Bonfante P (1994) Colonization of pea roots by the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus versiforme and by Rhizobium bacteria Immunological comparison using monoclonal antibodies as probes for plant cell surface components. Mol Plant Micro Interact 7: 91–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pozo MJ, Dumas-Gaudot E, Cordier C, Asselin A, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Azcon-Aguilar C, Barea JM (1996) Induction of new chitinase isoforms and/or Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. Agronomie 12: 689–697

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravolanirina F (1990) L’endomycorhization VA des plantes ligneuses (vigne, pommier et poirier) micropropagées. Thesis, Dijon University, France, 131 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosendahl S, Hepper CM (1987) Comparative studies of medium endophytes forming V-A mycorrhizae. In: Sylvia DM, Hung LL, Graham JH (eds) Mycorrhizae in the Next Decade. Proc. 7th NACOM, IFAS, University of Florida, pp 319

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosendahl S, Sen R (1992) Isozyme analysis of mycorrhizal fungi and their mycorrhiza. Methods in Microbiol In: Norris JR, Read DJ, Varma AK (eds) Methods in Mycorrhizae, Academic Press, London, 24: 169–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosendahl S, Dodd JC, Walker C (1994) Taxonomy and phylogeny of Glomales. In: Gianinazzi S, Schüepp H (eds) Impact of arbuscular mycorrhizas in sustainable agriculture and natural ecosystems. Birkhaüser, pp 1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Salomé M, Pais S, Barroso J (1983) Localization of polphenoloxidases during the establishment of Ophrys lutea endomycorrhizas. New Phytol 95: 219–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samra A, Dumas-Daudot E, Gianinazzi S (1997) Detection of new polypeptides during the early recognition stages and the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza between Glomus mosseae and Pisum sativum L. roots. New Phytol 135: 711–722

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samra A, Dumas-Gaudot E, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1996a) Changes in poly peptide profiles of two pea genotypes inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. In: Azcon-Aguillar C, Barea JM (eds) Mycorrhiza in inbtergrated systems: from genes to plant development. COST Edition, EU Brussels, pp 263–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Samra A, Dumas-Gaudot E, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (1996b) Soluble proteins and polypeptide profiles of spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: inter-specific variability and effects of host (myc`) and non-host (myc-) Pisum sativum root exudates. Agronomie 16: 709–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders IR, Ravolanirina F, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Lemoine MC (1992) Detection of specific antigens in the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora laevis using polyclonal antibodies to soluble spore fractions. Mycol Res 96: 477–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schellenbaum L, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1992) Comparison of acid soluble protein synthesis in roots of endomycorrhizal wild type Pisum sativum and corresponding isogenic mutants. J Plant Physiol 141: 2–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schubert A, Marzachi C, Mazzitelli M, Cravero MC, Bonfante-Fasolo P (1987) Development of total and viable extraradical mycelium in the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus clarum Nicol and Schenck. New Phytol 107: 183–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen R, Hepper CM (1986) Characterization of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp) by selective enzyme staining following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Soil Biol Biochem 18: 29–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serrano R (1990) Structure and function of plasma membrane ATPase. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 40: 61–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serrigny J, Dexheimer J (1983) Etude ultrastructurale des endomycorhizes d’une orchidée tropicale Epidendrum ibaguense II Localisation des ATPases et des nucléosides diphosphatases. Cytologia 50: 779–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serrigny J, Dexheimer J (1985) Endomycorhize d’une orchidée tropicale: Epidendrum ibaguense. Etude comparative des activités phosphatasiques acides entre le champignon associé et isolé. In: Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S (eds) Physiological and genetical aspects of mycorrhizae. INRA Editions, Paris, pp 271275

    Google Scholar 

  • Simoneau P, Louisy-Louis N, Plenchette C, Strullu DG (1994) Accumulation of new polypeptides in RiT-DNA-transformed roots of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) during the development of vesicular-arbuscuular mycorrhizae. Appl Environ Microbiol 60: 1810–1813

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slezack S, Dassi B, Dumas-Gaudot E (1996) Arbuscular mycorrhiza-induced chitinase isoforms. In: Muzzarelli RAA (ed) Chitin Enzymology Vol 2. Atec Edizioni, Senigallia, pp 339–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith SE, Dickson S (1991) Quantification of active vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection using image analysis and other techniques. Aust J Plant Physiol 18: 637648

    Google Scholar 

  • Spanu P, Bonfante-Fasolo P (1988) Cell wall bound peroxidase activity in roots of mycorrhizal Allium porrum. New Phytol 109: 119–124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanu P, Boller T, Ludwig A, Wiemken A, Faccio A, Bonfante-Fasolo P (1989) Chitinase in roots of mycorrhizal Allium porrum: regulation and localization. Planta 177: 447–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer-Phillips PTN, Gay JL (1981) Domains of ATPase in plasma membranes and transport through infected plant cells. New Phytol 89: 393–400

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Straker CJ, Mitchell DT (1986) The activity and characterisation of acid phosphatases in endomycorrhizal fungi of the Ericaceae. New Phytol 104: 243–256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sylvia D (1988) Activity of external hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biol Biochem 20: 39–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tahiri-Alaoui A (1992) Modifications cellulairs et moléculaires après infection des racines de Nicotiana par le champignon pathogène Chalara elegans (Nag Rag and ken.): mécanismes de defense et comparaison avec une infection symbiotique. Thesis, Dijon University, France, 189 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Tahiri-Alaoui A, Dumas E, Gianinazzi S (1990) Detection of PR-b proteins in tobacco roots infected with Chalara elegans. Plant Mol Biol 14: 869–871

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tisserant B (1992) L’endomycorhization VA des ligneux: architecture racinaire et activité fonctionnelle de la symbiose endomycorhizienne. Thesis, Dijon University, p 137

    Google Scholar 

  • Tisserant B, Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, Gollotte A (1993) In planta histochemical staining of fungal alkaline phosphatase activity for analysis of efficient arbuscular mycorrhizal infections. Mycol Res 97:245–250

    Google Scholar 

  • Tisserant B, Gianinazzi S, Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1996) Relationships between lateral root order, arbuscular mycorrhiza development, and the physiological state of the symbiotic fungus in Plantanus acerifolia. Can J Bot 74: 1947–1955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varma A, Bonfante P (1994) Utilisation of cell-wall related carbohydrates by ericoid mycorrhizal endophytes. Symbiosis 16: 301–313

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vierheilig H, Ocampo JA (1989) Relationship between SDH-activity and VAmycorrhizal infection. Agric Ecosystems Environ 29: 439–442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Volpin H, Elkind Y, Okon Y, Kapulnik Y (1994) A vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices induces a defense response in alfalfa roots. Plant Physiol 104: 683–689

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward EWB (1986) Biochemical mechanisms involved in resistance of plants to fungi. NATO ASI Series, Cell Biology Vol H1: 107–131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson B (1973) Acid phosphatase and esterase activity in orchid mycorrhiza. Planta 112: 149–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woods AM, Gay JL (1987) The interface between haustoria of Puccinia poarum (monokaryon) and Tussilago farfara. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 30: 73–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright SF, Morton JB (1989). Detection of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization of roots using a dot-immunoblot assay. Appl Environ Microbiol 55: 761–763

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright SF, Morton JB, Sworobuk JE (1987) Identification of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus by using monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Appl Environ Microbiol 52: 2222–2225

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyss P, Mellor RB, Wiemken A (1990) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas of wild-type soybean and non-nodulating mutants with Glomus mosseae contain symbiosis-specific polypeptides (mycorrhizins), immunologically cross-reactive with nodulins. Planta 182: 22–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Phytoparasitologie, INRA-CNRS, CMSE, INRA, BV 1540, 21034, Dijon Cédex, France

    S. Gianinazzi

Authors
  1. V. Gianinazzi-Pearson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. Dumas-Gaudot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Gianinazzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India

    Ajit Varma

  2. Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, 85350, Freising, Germany

    Bertold Hock

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., Dumas-Gaudot, E., Gianinazzi, S. (1999). Proteins and Protein Activities in Endomycorrhizal Symbioses. In: Varma, A., Hock, B. (eds) Mycorrhiza. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03779-9_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03779-9_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03781-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03779-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation