Abstract
The in vivo specificity of T cell antigen receptors (Tcr) composed of γ and δ chains remains largely unknown. In the mouse, a major population of γ-δ T cells is found in the CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) subset of the small intestine with 30–80% of the cells being Tcr γ-δ+ (Goodman and Lefrancois, 1988; Bonneville et al., 1988). IEL are readily isolated and thus provide an optimal population for analyzing interactions with antigen and MHC in an unmanipulated system. We have demonstrated that freshly isolated IEL exhibit constitutive lytic activity directed towards unknown antigens (Goodman and Lefrancois, 1988). However, IEL from germ-free mice are not cytolytic suggesting that environmental antigens arc responsible for their activation (Lefrancois and Goodman, 1989). Indeed, when germ-free mice arc adapted to nonsterile conditions, IEL eventually become cytolytic. This result agrees well with the recent work indicating recognition of bacterial antigens by γ-δ Tcr+ T cells (Janis et al., 1989; O’Brien et al., 1989; Holoshitz et al., 1989).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asarnow, DM, Goodman, T, Lefrancois, L, Allison, JP (1989) Distinct antigen receptor repertoires of two classes of murine epithelium-associated T cells. Nature 341:60–62.
Asarnow, DM, Kuziel, WA, Bonyhadi, M, Tigelaar, RE, Tucker, PW, Allison, JP (1988) Limited diversity of γ,δ antigen receptor genes of Thy1+ dendritic epidermal cells. Cell 55:837–847.
Benoist, C, Mathis, D (1989) Positive selection of the T cell repertoire: Where and when does it occur? Cell 58:1027–1033.
Berg, LJ, Pullen, AM, Fazekas de St Groth, B, Mathis, D, Benoist, C, Davis, MM (1989) Antigen/MHC-specific T cells are preferentially exported from the thymus in the presence of their MHC ligand. Cell 58:1035–1046.
Bill, J, Palmer, E (1989) Positive selection of CD4+ T cells mediated by MHC class II-bearing stromal cell in the thymic cortex. Nature 341:649–651.
Bland, PW, Warren, LG (1986) Antigen presentation by epithelial cells of the rat small intestine I. Kinetics, antigen specificity and blocking by anti-Iα antisera. Immunology 58:1–7.
Bonneville, M, Itoharah, S, Krecko, EG, Mombaerts, P, Ishida, I, Katsuki, M, Berns, A, Farr, AG, Janeway, CA, Tonegawa, S (1990) Transgenic mice demonstrate that epithelial homing of γ,δ T cells is determined by cell lineages independent of T cell receptor specificity. J Exp Med 171:1015–1026.
Bonneville, M, Janeway, CA, Ito, K, Haser, W, Ishida, I, Nakanishi, N, Tonegawa, S (1988) Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes are a distinct set of γ,δ T cells. Nature (London) 336:479–481.
Burkly, LC, Lo, D, Kanagawa, O, Brinster, RL, Flavell, R (1989) T-cell tolerance by clonal anergy in transgenic mice with non-lymphoid expression of MHC class II I-E. Nature 342:564–566.
Cerf-Bensussan, N, Quaroni, A, Kurnick, JT, Bhan, AK (1984) Intraepithelial lymphocytes modulate Ia expression by intestinal epithelial cells. J Immunol 132:2244–2252.
Church, GM, Gilbert, W (1984) Genomic sequencing. Proc Nad Acad Sci 81:1991–1995.
Cron, RQ, Gajewski, TF, Sharrow, SO, Fitch, FW, Matis, LA, and Bluestone, JA (1989) Phenotypic and functional analysis of murine CD3+, CD4− CD8− TCR-γ,δ-expressing peripheral T cells. J Immunol 142:3754–3762.
Elliot, JF, Rock, EP, Patten, PA, Davis, MM, Chien, Y (1988) The adult T-cell receptor D-chain is diverse and distinct from that of fetal thymocytes. Nature 331:627–631.
Goodman, T, Lefrancois, L (1988) Expression of the γ,δ T cell receptor on intestinal CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nature (London) 333:855–858.
Goodman, T, Lefrancois, L (1989) Intraepithelial lymphocytes. Anatomical site, not T cell receptor form, dictates phenotype and function. J Exp Med 170:1569–1581.
Holoshitz, J, Koning, F, Coligan, JE, De Bruyn, J, Strober, S (1989) Isolation of CD4- 8- mycobacteria-reactive T lymphocyte clones from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid. Nature 339:226–229.
Ito, K, Bonneville, M, Takagaki, Y, Nakanishi, N, Kanagawa, O, Grecko, EG, Tonegawa, S (1989) Different γ,δ T-cell receptors are expressed on thymocytes at different stages of development Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:631–635.
Janis, EM, Kaufmann, SHE, Schwartz, RH, Pardoll, DM (1989) Activation of γ,δ T cells in the primary immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Science 244:713–716.
Kaiserlian, D, Vidal, K, Revillard, J-P (1989) Murine enterocytes can present soluble antigen to specific class II-restricted CD4+ T cells. Eur J Immunol 19:1513–1516.
Kappler, JW, Roehm, N, Marrack, P (1988) T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus. Cell 49:273–280.
Kappler, JW, Staerz, U, White, J, Marrack, PC (1988) Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mis-modified products of the major histo-compatibility complex. Nature 332:35–40.
Kisielow, P, Bluthmann, H, Staerz, UD, Steinmetz, M, von Boehmer, H (1988) Tolerance in T-cell-receptor transgenic mice involves deletion of nonmature CD4+ 8+ thymocytes. Nature 333:742–746.
Kisielow, P, Teh, HS, Bluthmann, H, von Boehmer, H (1988) Positive selection of antigenspecific T cells in thymus by restricting MHC molecules. Nature 335:730–733.
Kubo, R, Born, W, Kappler, JW, Marrack, P, Pigeon, M (1989) Characterization of a monoclonal antibody which detects all murine a,B T cell receptors. J Immunol 142:2736–2742.
Lafaille, JJ, Haas, W, Coutinho, A, Tonegawa, S (1990) Positive selection of gd T cells. Immunology Today 11:75–78.
Lefrancois, L, Goodman, T (1989) In vivo modulation of cytolytic activity and Thy-1 expression in TCR-γ,δ+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. Science (Washington, DC) 243:1716–1718.
Liao, N, Maltzman, J, Raulet, DH (1989) Positive selection determines T cell receptor Vβ14 gene usage by CD8+ T cells. J Exp Med 170:135–143.
Macdonald, HR, Schneider, R, Lees, RK, Howe, RC, Acha-Orbea, H, Festenstein, H, Zinkernagel, RM, Hengartner, H (1988) T-cell receptor VB use predicts reactivity and tolerance to Mlsencoded antigens. Nature 332:40–45.
MacDonald, HR, Schreyer, M, Howe, RC, Bron, C (1990) Selective expression of CD8a(Lyt-2) subunit on activated thymic γ,δ cells. Eur J Immunol, in press.
Mayrhofer, G (1980) Thymus-dependent and thymus-independent subpopulations of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes: A granular subpopulation of probable bone marrow origin and relationship to mucosal mast cells. Blood 55:532–535.
Morahan, G, Allison, J, Miller, JFAP (1989) Tolerance of class I histocompatibility antigens expressed extrathymically. Nature 339:622–624.
O’Brien, RL, Happ, MH, Dallas, A, Palmer, E, Kubo, R, Born, WK (1989) Stimulation of a major subset of lymphocytes expressing T cell receptor γ,δ by an antigen derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cell 57:667–674.
Pardoll, DM, Fowlkes, BJ, Bluestone, JA, Kruisbeek, A, Maloy, WL, Coligan, JE, Schwartz, R (1987) Differential expression of two distinct T-cell receptors during thymocyte development. Nature 326:79–81.
Parrott, DMV, Tait, C, MacKenzie, S, Mowat, AM, Davies, MDJ, Micklem, HS (1983) Analysis of the effector functions of different populations of mucosal lymphocytes. Ann NY Acad Sci 77:307–319.
Ramsdell, F, Lantz, T, Fowlkes, BJ (1989) A nondeletional mechanism of thymic self tolerance. Science 246:1038–1041.
Ropke, C, Everett, NB (1975) Kinetics of intraepthelial lymphocytes in the small intestine of. thymus-deprived and antigen-deprived mice. Anat Rec 185:101–108.
Sarmiento, M, Glasebrook, AL, Fitch, FW (1982) IgG or IgM monoclonal antibodies reactive with the different determinants on the molecular complex bearing Lyt-2 antigen block T-cell mediated cytolysis in the absence of complement J Immunol 125:2665–2672.
Sha, WC, Nelson, CA, Newberry, RD, Kranz, DM, Russell, JH, Loh, DY (1988) Positive and negative selection of an antigen receptor on T cells in transgenic mice. Nature 336:73–76.
Shen, FW (eds Hammerling, GJ, Hammerling, U, Kearney, JF) (1981) In: Monoclonal antibodies and T cell hybridomas, (Elsevier, Amsterdam) pp. 25-31.
Takagaki, Y, DeCloux, A, Bonneville, M, Tonegawa, S (1989) Diversity of γ,δ T-cell receptors on murine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nature 339:712–714.
Ziljstra, M, Bix, M, Simister, NE, Loring, JM, Raulet, DH, Jaenisch, R (1990) B2-Microglobulin deficient mice lack CD4− 8+ cytolytic T cells. Nature 344:742–746.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lefrancois, L., LeCorre, R., Mayo, J., Bluestone, J.A., Goodman, T. (1991). Selection of Vδ+ T Cell Receptors of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes is Dependent on Class II Histocompatibility Antigen Expression. In: Pfeffer, K., Heeg, K., Wagner, H., Riethmüller, G. (eds) Function and Specificity of γ/δ T Cells. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 173. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76492-9_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76492-9_36
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76494-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76492-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive