Abstract
Cognition refers to the processes by which sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, and retrieved. Essential to any theory of cognition is a consideration of the ways in which an individual makes use of past experiences and past reactions to increase his mastery in achieving and utilizing knowledge (Bartlett, 1932). Like many terms in everyday use, cognitive functioning causes no problems in common usage, but ceases to be straightforward when subjected to critical inspection. The study of aging and cognitive functioning has followed, not surprisingly, a number of independent traditions in the psychology of cognition. One way in which cognitive functioning has been investigated is to consider general intellectual functioning as measured by standardized, psychometric tests of intelligence. Another approach, following the Ebbinghaus tradition, has been concerned almost exclusively with the acquisition (learning) and retention (memory) of verbal information using paired associate or serial learning tasks or free recall. The tradition has been to separate the study of verbal memory from the study of nonverbal activities.
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Robertson-Tchabo, E.A., Arenberg, D., Costa, P.T. (1979). Temperamental Predictors of Longitudinal Change in Performance on the Benton Revised Visual Retention Test Among Seventy Year Old Men: An Exploratory Study. In: Hoffmeister, F., Müller, C. (eds) Brain Function in Old Age. Bayer-Symposium, vol 7. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67304-7_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67304-7_11
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