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Thermomechanics of Molecular Networks and Rubberlike Materials

  • Chapter
Thermophysical Properties of Polymers

Abstract

On simple elongation, rubberlike materials are capable of undergoing very large reversible elastic deformations. The modulus of elasticity, which unlike solids is strongly dependent on deformation, is some order of magnitude lower than the bulk modulus. Unlike the solids, the modulus of elasticity of the deformed networks and rubberlike materials is proportional to the absolute temperature (excluding very initial deformations). A very striking feature of the thermomechanical behavior of elastomers is a strong dependence of the linear thermal expansivity on deformation: the initial positive thermal expansion decreases drastically with deformation and in the vicinity of 0–10% deformation the expansion becomes negative and at moderate deformations it reaches the value typical for gases. All these facts demonstrate that the thermomechanical behavior of rubberlike materials differs in principle from that of solids. High elastic deformations are characteristic only for those deformation modes which are connected with the elasticity of the form. Since the volume compressibility of rubberlike materials is very small (the same order as for liquids) the thermodynamics of their uniform (volume) deformation is similar to the uniform deformation of solids and liquids.

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  1. Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Ul. Obukha 10, 103064, Moscow, USSR

    Prof. Dr. Yuli K. Godovsky

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  1. Prof. Dr. Yuli K. Godovsky
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Godovsky, Y.K. (1992). Thermomechanics of Molecular Networks and Rubberlike Materials. In: Thermophysical Properties of Polymers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51670-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51670-2_6

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