Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new watermarking algorithm to embed an invisible watermark into the intra-frames of an MPEG video sequence. Unlike previous methods where each video frame is marked separately, our proposed technique uses high-order tensor decomposition of videos. The key idea behind our approach is to represent a fixed number of the intra-frames as a 3D tensor with two dimensions in space and one dimension in time. Then we modify the singular values of the 3D tensor, which have a good stability and represent the video properties. The main attractive features of this approach are simplicity and robustness. The experimental results show the robustness of the proposed scheme against the most common attacks including geometric transformations, adaptive random noise, low pass filtering, histogram equalization, frame drop**, frame swap**, and frame averaging.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cox, I.C., Miller, M.L., Bloom, J.A.: Digital Watermarking. San Francisco (2001)
Hartung, F., Kutter, M.: Multimedia watermarking techniques. Proc. IEEE 87, 1079–1107 (1999)
Memon, N., Wong, P.: Digital watermarks: protecting multimedia content. Comm. of the ACM 47, 35–43 (1998)
Cox, I.J., Kilian, J., Leightonm, T., Shamoon, T.: Secure spread spectrum satermarking for multimedia. IEEE Trans. Image Processing 6, 1673–1687 (1997)
Ganic, E., Eskicioglu, A.M.: Robust DWT-SVD domain image watermarking: embedding data in all frequencies. In: Proc. ACM Multimedia and Security Workshop, pp. 166–174. ACM Press, New York (2004)
Liu, R., Tan, T.: A SVD-based watermarking scheme for protecting rightful ownership. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 4, 121–128 (2002)
Swanson, M.D., Zhu, B., Tewfik, A.H.: Multiresolution scene-based video watermarking using perceptual models. IEEE Jour. on Selected Areas in Commun. 16, 540–550 (1998)
Deguillaume, F., Csurka, G., ORuanaidh, J., Pun, T.: Robust 3D DFT video watermarking. In: Proc. SPIE, Sec. and Wat. of Mult. Content, vol. 3971, pp. 346–357 (2000)
Liu, H., Chang, L.: Real time digital video watermarking for digital rights management via modification of VLCS. In: Proc. Internat. Conf. on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 2, pp. 295–299 (2005)
Lin, Y.R., Hsu, W.H.: An embedded watermark technique in video for copyright protection. In: Proc. Internat. Conf. Pattern Recog., vol. 4, pp. 795–798 (2006)
Chan, P.W., Lyu, M.R., Chin, R.T.: A Novel scheme for hybrid digital video watermarking: approach evaluation and experimentation. IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Sys. for Video Technology 15, 1638–1649 (2005)
Wang, Y., Pearmain, A.: Blind MPEG-2 video watermarking robust against geometric attacks: a set of approaches in DCT domain. IEEE Trans. on Image Processing 15, 1536–1543 (2006)
Lathauwer, L.D., Moor, B.D., Vandewalle, J.: A multilinear singular value decomposition. SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Application 21, 1253–1278 (2000)
Elbasi, E., Eskicioglu, A.M.: MPEG-1 video semi-blind watermarking algorithm in the DWT domain. IEEE Internat. Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Sys. and Broadcasting (2006)
Langelaar, G.C., Setyawan, I., Lagendijk, R.L.: Watermarking digital image and video data. A state-of-the-art overview. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 17, 20–46 (2000)
Gwenael, A.D., Dugelay, J.L.: A guide tour of video watermarking. Signal Process.: Image Commun. 18, 263–282 (2003)
Bhattacharya, S., Chattopadhyay, T., Pal, A.: A Survey on different video watermarking techniques and comparative analysis with reference to H.264/AVC. In: IEEE Internat. Symposium on Consumer Electronics, pp. 1–6. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2006)
Bader, B.W., Kolda, T.G.: MATLAB tensor classes for fast algorithm prototy**. ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software 32, 635–653 (2006)
Kolda, T.G.: MATLAB Tensor Toolbox. Version 2.2 (2007), http://csmr.ca.sandia.gov/~tgkolda/TensorToolbox/
Hartung, F., Girod, B.: Watermarking of uncompressed and compressed video. IEEE Trans. Signal Processing 66, 283–301 (1998)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Abdallah, E.E., Hamza, A.B., Bhattacharya, P. (2007). MPEG Video Watermarking Using Tensor Singular Value Decomposition. In: Kamel, M., Campilho, A. (eds) Image Analysis and Recognition. ICIAR 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4633. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74260-9_69
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74260-9_69
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74258-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74260-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)