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Molecular Mechanisms of Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction

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Plant Biomechanics

Abstract

Mechanical stimuli, such as touch, bending, gravity, and wounding, influence plant growth and development through the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and gene expression. Therefore, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction are of vital importance and have been attracting the attention of many plant scientists for nearly 150 years. Based on recent molecular and cellular approaches, candidates for mechanosensors have been discovered. These include mechanosensitive (MS) channels, such as MscS-like (MSL) proteins, mid1-complementing activities (MCAs), and reduced hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]i increase 1 (OSCA1), which generate intracellular ionic signals and receptor-like kinases that trigger the activation of regulatory proteins or enzymes, including Ca2+-binding proteins, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and transcription factors. Other possible groups of mechanosensors are intracellular filamentous structures in the cytoskeleton, such as microtubules and actin filaments, which may directly act as sensors for the deformation of intracellular structures. In this chapter, we discuss the mechanisms by which plants sense and respond to mechanical stimuli by focusing on mechanosensors along with their downstream signaling molecules, such as auxin and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

M. Toyota and T. Furuichi contributed equally to this chapter.

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Abbreviations

CBLs:

Calcineurin B-like proteins

CICR:

Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release

CIPKs:

CBL-interacting protein kinases

FtsZ:

Filamentous temperature-sensitive Z

GLR:

Glutamate receptor-like channels

InsP3:

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate

MCA1:

mid1-complementing activity 1

MCAs:

mid1-complementing activities

MS:

Mechanosensitive

MscL:

Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance

MscS:

Mechanosensitive channel of small conductance

MSL:

MscS-like

OSCA1:

Reduced hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]i increase 1

RAL:

Rapid alkalinization factor

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SA:

Stretch-activated

TM:

Transmembrane

TPC1:

Two-pore channel 1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

    Masatsugu Toyota

  2. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Masatsugu Toyota

  3. Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan

    Masatsugu Toyota

  4. Department of Human Life Science, Nagoya University of Economics, 61-1 Uchikubo, Inuyama City, Aichi, 484-8504, Japan

    Takuya Furuichi

  5. Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4-1-1 Nukuikita-machi. Koganei City, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan

    Hidetoshi Iida

Authors
  1. Masatsugu Toyota
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  2. Takuya Furuichi
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  3. Hidetoshi Iida
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hidetoshi Iida .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada

    Anja Geitmann

  2. CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Joseph Gril

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Toyota, M., Furuichi, T., Iida, H. (2018). Molecular Mechanisms of Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction. In: Geitmann, A., Gril, J. (eds) Plant Biomechanics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79099-2_17

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