Retrorectal Tumors

Abstract

Retrorectal tumors are a rare heterogenous group of masses that originate or extend into the retrorectal space. Presentation varies from asymptomatic to vague pain or chronic infection. Tumors can be congenital, neurogenic, osseous or other varieties and can be either benign or malignant. Most if not all retrorectal tumors should typically be resected due to potential malignant degeneration. Currently MRI is the best imaging modality but high definition CTs offer relatively accurate imaging. Preoperative biopsy can be considered in the case of a solid tumor particularly if the results would change typical surgical management for radiation or chemotherapy. Low lying tumors below S3 should be considered for a posterior approach such as a Kraske approach or parasacral approach. Lesions above S3 or invasion into surrounding structures should be considered for an abdominal or combined abdominal sacral (posterior) approach.